where do you find chromosomes
nucleus of most living cells
basic physical and functional unit of heredity
gene
Dominant genes
that appear in the offspring
genetic carrier
carries a recessive gene but does not show its effects
Recessive genes
have effects that do not appear in the offspring
Albinism
disease in which apersonhas partial or complete loss of pigmentation
genetic mutations are caused by
chemicals, radiation & viruses
trisomy
an additional chromosome
turner syndrome
1 chromosome on the 23rd
Klinefelter syndrome:
syndrome results from the presence of two or more X chromosomes with a Y chromosome
Amniocentesis
collection of fetal cells floating in the amniotic fluid
Pedigree
Chart illustrating genetic relationships over several generations
Punnett square
Grid used to determine the probability of inheriting genetic traits
genotype
set of genes in our DNA which is responsible for a particular trait.
phenotype
physical expression, or characteristics, of that trait. measurable trait
Gregor Mendel
discovered genes
Estrogen
development and maintenance of secondary sex characteristics.
Progesterone
initiating menses, and maintaining gestation
functions of the vagina
Receives penis during sexual intercourse and is birth canal for normal delivery of baby
functions of the uterus
Menstruation
Pregnancy
Labor
lower end of theuterus
cervix
upper end of uterus
the fundus
Myometrium
muscle layer of uterus
Endometrium
is lost in menstruation.
Hysterectomy
Surgical removal of uterus
First menstrual cycle is called
menarche
Ovulation is caused by
combination of FSH and LH
Secretory Phase
pregnancy is taking place it will happen during this phase
Oogenesis
process of development of female gametes (also called ova), that takes place in ovaries
corpus luteum
essential for establishing and maintaining pregnancy
Fimbriae
Fringelike projections at the outer end of the fallopian
Ovum is fertilized by sperm and forms a
zygote
Perineum
Area between vaginal opening and anus
episiotomy
Surgical cut during birth
Dysmenorrhea
Painful menstruation
Amenorrhea
Absence of normal menstruation
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)
Symptoms that occur before menstruation
Fibroids
Benign tumors of the uterus
Essential organs
male
testes
Vas Deferens
Tube that allows sperm to exit epididymis to pelvic cavity
Epididymis
cells secrete nutrients for developing sperm
Urethra
Passageway for urine and sperm
roles of testes
Secretion of Testosterone Masculinizes
Muscular development and strength
Deepening voice
Increase hair growth
Seminal vesicles
contribute 60% of seminal fluid
provides a source of energy for sperm