F ... 21 - Seedless Vascular Plants Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in F ... 21 - Seedless Vascular Plants Deck (17)
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1
Q

plant adaptation to land… what was required?

A

protection from dehydration
efficient transfer system for water / nutrients
greater structural support

2
Q

protection from dehydration accomplished by…

A

thicker cuticles
stomata
protection of spores/gametes

3
Q

efficient transfer system for water/nutrients accomplished by…

A

xylem - water

phloem - nutrients

4
Q

greater structural support accomplished by…

A

addition of lignin to cell wall

5
Q

Vascular plants have ___

A

abundant branching

  • apical meristems, vascular system, rigidity
6
Q

vascular plants have ___, ___ ___ generations

A

larger, dominant sporophytes

7
Q

homosporous

A

produce only one kind of spore (each with both sexes)

8
Q

heterosporous

A

produce two different types of spores (different sexes)

  • prod of microspores -> male gametophyte
  • prod of megaspores -> female gametophyte
9
Q

5 phyla of seedless vascular plants

A
  1. Rhyniophyta (extinct)
  2. Zosterophyllaphyta (extinct)
  3. Trimerophytophyta (extinct)
  4. Lycopodiaphyta (EXTANT)
  5. Pteridophyta (EXTANT)
10
Q

Lycopodiaphyta

A

complex branching
roots, stems, leaves
microphyll leaves
homo and heterosporous

11
Q

Pteridophyta

A

three different groups

  • wisk ferns
  • horsetails
  • ferns (majority)
12
Q

whisk ferns

A
2 living genera
branching
stem only
no roots
no leaves
homosporous
13
Q

horsetails

A
1 extant genus
no branching
roots, stems, leaves
microphyll leaves
homosporous
large sporophyte generation
14
Q

ferns

A
no branching
roots, stems, leaves
megaphyll leaves
homosporous
large sporophyte generation
spores on sori on leaves
15
Q

microphylls

A

small leaves with single unbranched vein

lycophytes

16
Q

megaphylls

A

larger, branched vascular system

ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms

17
Q

what’s so great about a leaf?

A
greater photosynthesis (+ surface area)
greater mvt of substances and water (+ transpiration flow)
better gas exchange (efficient photosyn)