Exam Revision Flashcards Preview

Exam Revision > Exam Revision > Flashcards

Flashcards in Exam Revision Deck (30)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

Mass Number

A

The total number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus

2
Q

Atomic Number

A

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which is characteristic of a chemical element and determines its place in the periodic table.

3
Q

Proton

A

A particle with a positive electric charge

4
Q

Neutron

A

A particle with a neutral charge

5
Q

Electron

A

A particle with a negative charge

6
Q

Anion

A

A negatively charged ion

7
Q

Cation

A

A positively charged ion

8
Q

Hydrochloric acid + Sodium =

A

Sodium chloride and hydrogen gas

9
Q

Hydrochloric acid + Calcium =

A

Calcium chloride and hydrogen gas

10
Q

Types of Reactions

A
Synthesis Reactions
Decomposition Reactions
Single Displacement Reactions
Double Displacement Reactions
Combustion
Organic Reactions
Redox
11
Q

Characteristics of Covalent Bonds

A

Physical properties that include lower melting points and electrical conductivity

12
Q

Characteristics of Ionic Bonds

A

Soluble in water.
They are compounds formed from metals and non-metals.
In a solid state they do not conduct electricity

13
Q

Example of a Covalent bond

A

Covalent bonding may take place between atoms of the same element as in a hydrogen molecule or a chlorine molecule

14
Q

Example of a Ionic bond

A

Ionic Compounds Are Balanced. Table salt is an example of an ionic compound. Sodium and chlorine ions come together to form sodium chloride

15
Q

Properties of Metals

A
Lustrous (shiny)
Hard.
High density (are heavy for their size)
High tensile strength (resist being stretched)
High melting and boiling points.
Good conductors of heat and electricity
16
Q

Properties of Metalloids

A

Metalloids are all solid at room temperature.
Semi-Conductors
Share characteristics of metals and non metals

17
Q

Properties of Non-metals

A

Poor thermal conductors.
Poor electrical conductors.
Brittle solids - not malleable or ductile.
Little or no metallic luster.
Gain electrons easily.
Dull, not metallic-shiny, although they may be colorful.

18
Q

Alloy

A

An alloy is a metal (parent metal) combined with other substances (alloying agents), resulting in superior properties such as; strength, hardness, durability, ductility, tensile strength and toughness. The parent metal is the majority of the alloy.

19
Q

Examples and Characteristics of Alloys

A

Mild Steel, Hard Steel, Cast Iron, Stainless steel.

Alloys are typically stronger and and better as tools and in the real world compared to normal metals

20
Q

What element has this electron configuration: 2, 8, 1

A

Sodium

21
Q

What element has this electron configuration: 2, 8, 3

A

Aluminium

22
Q

Calcium Sulphate

A

CaSO4

23
Q

Copper chloride

A

CuCl2

24
Q

Aluminum sulfate

A

Al2(SO4)3

25
Q

Aluminum oxide

A

Al2O3

26
Q

Life Cycle of a Star

A

Stellar Nebula –> Star–>Red Giant–> Planetary Nebula– > White Dwarf or
Stellar Nebula –> Massive Star –> Red Super-giant –> Supernova –> Black Hole or Neutron Star

27
Q

Greenhouse Effect

A

The affect of greenhouse gases is it keeps heat from escaping the earth by bouncing heat(radiation, etc.) in any direction. The more greenhouse gases the more heat can bounce off and therefore there is more heat in the Earth

28
Q

Carbon sink

A

A carbon sink is a natural or artificial reservoir that accumulates and stores some carbon-containing chemical compound for an indefinite period

29
Q

Carbon cycle

A

Carbon dioxide goes into living tissue by photosynthesis and returns to the atmosphere through respiration, the decay of dead organisms, and the burning of fossil fuels.

30
Q

Structure of the Sun

A

The sun had 4 different layers, the Photo-sphere, convective zone, radiate zone and the solar interior