EXAM I Examination of the Mouth and Other Relevant Structures; Radiographic Technique Flashcards Preview

Pediatric Dentistry I > EXAM I Examination of the Mouth and Other Relevant Structures; Radiographic Technique > Flashcards

Flashcards in EXAM I Examination of the Mouth and Other Relevant Structures; Radiographic Technique Deck (39)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

when should a child first see the dentist? when is the goal for a child having a dental home?

A
  • within 6 months of the eruption of their first tooth (usually by age 1)
  • goal for a dental home is by age 1
2
Q

what is the most common chronic childhood disease?

A

tooth decay

5x more comon than asthma

4x more common than early childhood obesity

20x more common than diabetes

3
Q

is demineralization more common on maxillary or mandibular teeth? why?

A

maxillary teeth, mostly due to protection of the mandibular teeth by the tongue and pooling of saliva

4
Q

what is an eruption hematoma? what is the treatment?

A
  • as a tooth erupts through the gingiva, it can cause a blood blister below the tissue
  • no treatment, other than teething exercises
5
Q

what is the eruption/shedding sequence/timing of deciduous teeth?

A

(sequence is more important for class rather than dates)

6
Q

is it an issue if a child’s teeth are erupting late?

A

no

7
Q

how many high risk factors are needed to make someone a high-risk candidate for caries?

A

one

8
Q

___ is described as exposing patients to ionizing radiation only if there is no other way to obtain the diagnostic information or if this exposure will psotiively influence the diagnosis, treatment, and patient’s health

A

justification principle

9
Q

___ is described as always keeping the radiation dose as low as reasonably achievable

A

limitation principle

10
Q

___ is described as obtaining the best quality images possible

A

optimization principle

11
Q

___ is the formation of a cancer, whereby normal cells are transformed into cancer cells. the process is characterized by changes at the cellular, genetic, and epigenetic levels and abnormal cell division

A

carcinogenesis

12
Q

___ is the development of physical defects in an embryo

A

teratogenesis

13
Q

___ is the process by which the genetic information of an organism is changed, resulting in a mutation

A

mutagenesis

14
Q

what 3 things are children at risk for developing as a result of too much radiation?

A

carcinogenesis, teratogenesis, and mutagenesis

15
Q

the estimated risks of developing a fatal cancer as a result of diagnostic radiographs for children under 10 years old has what multiplication factor? what about age 10-20?

A
  • <10 = 3x
  • 10-20 = 2x
  • risk decreases with age
16
Q

when is a good time to take a panoramic film?

A

around age 6-8, just as a screening measure to rule out pathology, then again around 12, then again as needed if the patient is being evaluated for orthodontics

not necessary to take one every year

17
Q

___ is the process of providing practical, developmentally-appropriate information about children’s health to prepare parents for the significant physical, emotional, and psychological milestones

A

anticipatory guidance

18
Q

are avulsions (luxation) or crown/root fractures more common in children who fall?

A

avulsions

19
Q

what are biological factors that put children at high caries risk?

A
  • mother/primary caregiver has active caries
  • parent/caregiver has low socioeconomic status
  • child has >3 between meal sugar-containing snacks or beverages per day
  • child is put to bed with a bottle containing natural or added sugar
20
Q

what are biological factors that put children at moderate caries risk?

A
  • child has special health care needs
  • child is a recent immigrant
21
Q

what are protective factors that put children at low caries risk?

A
  • child receives optimally-fluoridated drinking water or fluoride supplements
  • child has teeth brushed daily with fluoridated toothpaste
  • child receives topical fluoride from health professional
  • child has dental home/regular dental care
22
Q

what are clinical findings that put children at high caries risk?

A
  • child has >1 decayed/missing/filled surfaces
  • child has active white spot lesions or enamel defects
  • child has elevated mutans streptococci levels
23
Q

what are clinical findings that put children at moderate caries risk?

A

child has plaque on teeth

24
Q

in addition to the typical examination components of a 6-24 month old, what components are added in the examination of children 3-12 years old?

A
  • assessment and treatment of developing malocclusion
  • assessment for pit and fissure sealants
25
Q

in addition to the typical examination components of a child <12 years old, what components are added in the examination of children >12 years old?

A
  • substance abuse counseling
  • counseling for intraoral/perioral piercing
  • assessment and/or removal of third molars
  • transition to adult dental care
26
Q

when should perio screening be initiated in children?

A

following the eruption of permanent incisors and first molars

27
Q

what are common radiographs taken for dento-alveolar trauma affecting maxillary incisors? what about evaluating a possible mandibular fracture?

A
  • maxillary incisor trauma - PA and occlusal radiographs
  • mandibular fracture - pano, possibly consider a CBCT
28
Q

what are useful radiographs for special needs patients?

A

lateral oblique and occlusal radiographs

29
Q

what are the guidelines for prescribing radiographs for a new patient with primary dentition only?

A
  • individualized
  • open contacts and no evidence of decay - no radiographs required
  • proximal contacts and/or evidence of decay will need radiographs
30
Q

what are the guidelines for prescribing radiographs for a new patient with transitional dentition?

A
  • individualized
  • posterio BWX, pano, PA
31
Q

what are the guidelines for prescribing radiographs for a new patient with permanent dentition (adolescent)?

A
  • individualized
  • BWX, pano, PA
  • if generalized evidence of decay, or history of extensive treatment - FMX
32
Q

what are the guidelines for prescribing radiographs for a recall patient with clinical caries, with primary dentition only? what about transitional dentition? permanent dentition (adolescent)?

A
  • BWX at 6-12 month intervals if proximal surfaces can’t be seen
  • same for all
33
Q

what are the guidelines for prescribing radiographs for a recall patient with no clinical caries, is not at increased risk for caries, and has primary dentition only?

A

BWX at 12-24 month intervals if proximal surfaces can’t be seen

34
Q

what are the guidelines for prescribing radiographs for a recall patient with no clinical caries, is not at increased risk for caries, and has transitional dentition?

A

BWX at 12-24 month intervals if proximal surfaces can’t be seen

35
Q

what are the guidelines for prescribing radiographs for a recall patient with no clinical caries, is not at increased risk for caries, and has permanent dentition (adolescent)?

A

BWX at 18-36 month intervals

36
Q

what are the guidelines for prescribing radiographs for a recall patient with perio who has primary dentition only? transitional dentition? permanent dentition (adolescent)?

A

clinical judgement

37
Q

what are the guidelines for prescribing radiographs for monitoring of growth and development in a child with primary dentition only?

A

clinical judgement

38
Q

what are the guidelines for prescribing radiographs for monitoring of growth and development in a child with transitional dentition?

A

clinical judgement

39
Q

what are the guidelines for prescribing radiographs for monitoring of growth and development in a child with permanent dentition (adolescent)?

A

clinical judgement, plus pano and/or PA to assess developing 3rd molars