Exam 3: Gluteal Region and Post Thigh Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Exam 3: Gluteal Region and Post Thigh Deck (21)
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1
Q

What is the longest nerve in the human body?

A positive trendelenberg sign would indicate what?

Name the two ligaments which help define the greater and lesser sciatic foramen

A
  1. Longest nerve in the human body: sciatic nerve
  2. Positive trendelenberg sign indicates a weak gluteus medius muscle (opposite to whichever side is tilting)
  3. Two ligaments that help define the greater and lesser sciatic foramen: sacral spinus and posterior cruciate
2
Q

OBTURATOR INTERNUS:
Action: what does it do to the thigh?

What nerve is it innervated by?

A

Obturator Internus:

  • Laterally rotates and stabilizes the thigh
  • Innervated by nerve to obturator internus
3
Q

Gemellus Superior:

Action?

Nerve?

A

Gemellus Superior:

laterally rotates the thigh and stabilizes the thigh

Nerve: nerve to obderator internus

4
Q

Gemellus Inferior:

Action?

Innervated by which nerve?

A

Gemullus Inferior:
Laterally rotates the thigh

Nerve to quadratis femoris

5
Q

Gemellus superior: _____ nerve

Gemellus inferior: ______ nerve

A

Gemellus superior: nerve to obdurator internus

Gemellus inferior: nerve to quadratus femoris

6
Q

Above the sacrospinus ligament is the ______ and below it is the ______

If a nerve or artery come out above the _____ muscle it is termed superior gluteal, if it comes out below it is termed inferior gluteal

A

Above the sacrospinus ligament is the greater sciatic foramen and below it is the lesser sciatic foramen

If a nerve or artery come out above the piriformis muscle it is termed superior gluteal, if it comes out below the piriformis it is termed inferior gluteal

7
Q

Piriformis Muscle:

Action?

Nerve?

A

Piriformis Muscle:

Laterally rotates and stabilizes the thigh

Nerve: anterior primary rami of S1, 2

8
Q

Gluteus Minimus and Gluteus Medius:

Action?

Nerve?

A

Both the gluteus minimus and gluteus medius abduct and medially rotate the thigh, and also tilt the pelvis while walking

Nerve for both: superior gluteal nerve

9
Q

Quadratus Femoris:

Action?

Nerve?

A

Quadratus Femoris:

Laterally rotates hip

Nerve to quadratus femoris

10
Q

Gluteus Maximus

Action?

Nerve?

A

Gluteus Maximus

gluteus maximus extends and laterally rotates the hip, aids knee in extension

Nerve: inferior gluteal nerve

11
Q

Tensor Fasca Lata:

Action

nerve

A

Tensor Fascia Lata:
maintains knee extended and abducts thigh

nerve: superior gluteal nerve

12
Q

Gluteus Minimus & Medius vs Gluteus Maximus

Explain their different actions and different innervations

A

Gluteus Minimus and Medius both medially rotate the thigh and tild the pelvis while walking (superior gluteal nerve)

Gluteus Maximus: laterally rotates the hip and inferior gluteal nerve

13
Q

Biceps Femoris:

Action?

Innervation?

A

Biceps Femoris:

Flexes and laterally rotates the knee

sciatic nerve

14
Q

Semimembranous

Action

Nerve

A

Semimembranous:

Action: flexes and medially rotates the knee

Nerve: tibial portion of sciatic nerve

15
Q

Semitendinous:

Action?

Nerve?

A

Semitendinous:

Action: flexes and medially rotates the knee

Nerve: Tibial portion of sciatic nerve

16
Q

__________ laterally rotates and flexes the knee, while _____ and _____ medially rotates and flexes the knee

A

Biceps femoris: laterally rotates and flexes knee

Semimebranous and Semitendinous: medially rotates and flexes the knee

17
Q

Recap:

What muscles does the superior gluteal nerve innervate?

What muscles does the inferior gluteal nerve innervate?

What muscles does the sciatic nerve innervate/

A

Superior Gluteal Nerve:

  • Gluteus Medius
  • Gluteus Minimus
  • Tensor Fascia Latta

Inferior Gluteal Nerve:

  • gluteus maximus

Sciatic Nerve:

  • Biceps femoris
  • Semimembranous
  • Semitendinous
18
Q

Arteries:

Common _____ —-> external ______—-> femoral artery

As femoral comes down it gives off deep femoral

Reaches knee, and femoral becomes _____

A

Arteries:
Common iliac artery —-> external iliac artery—> femoral artery

As femoral comes down it gives off deep femoral

Reaches knee, and femoral becomes politeal artery

19
Q

Cruciate Anastamosis:

if there is a blockage in the femoral artery and external iliac artery right by the inguinal ligament, blood can still get to the knee via the _____

(hint think of the pneumonic)

A

Cruciate Anastamosis:

If there is a blockage in the femoral artery, and external iliac artery right by the inguinal ligament, blood can still get to the knee via this cruciate anastamosis

FILM:

First perforating of profunda femoris

Inferior gluteal

Lateral Femoral

Medial Femoral Circumflex

20
Q

Trendelenburg Sign:

Buttocks opposite of the _______ muscle weakness will drop (________ nerve injury)

Pelvis tilts down on ______ side

A

Positive Trendelenburg Sign:

Buttocks opposite of the gluteal medius weakness will drop (superior gluteal nerve injury)

Pelvis tilts down on opposite of the affected side

21
Q

What structures medially rotate the hip/thigh?

What structures laterally rotate the thigh/hip?

What structures medially rotate the knee? Laterally rotates the knee?

A

HIP/THIGH:

  • Medial Rotators: Gluteal Minimus & Medius
  • Lateral Rotators: Obturator Internus, Gemellus Superior and Inferior, Piriformis, Quadratus Femoris, Gluteus Maximus

Knee:

Medial Rotators: Semimembranous and Semitendinous,

Lateral Rotators: Biceps Femoris