Flashcards in Exam 3 Deck (38)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q
Hydrolase
A
- these enzymes catalyze hydrolisis reactions
- Examples: ester, amide (peptide), glycosidic, and phosphate bonds are hydrolyzed by hydrolase enzymes
- Enzymes such as lipases (esterases), peptidases, amylases, and phosphatases are hydrolase enzymes
2
Q
Isomerase
A
- these enzymes catalyze intramolecular transformations such that one molecule is converted to one of its isomers
- in carbohydrate metabolism, enzymes such as epimerase and mutase are involved
3
Q
Ligase
A
- these enzymes catalyze formation of bonds between carbon and other atoms, primarily nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur
- Enzymes such as synthases, are ligase enzymes
- In more general terms, ligation or ligase reaction refers to a synthesis reaction
4
Q
Lyase
A
- these enzymes catalyze breakage of carbon-carbon, carbon-sulfur, and carbon-nitrogen bonds (but not peptide bonds)
- Reactions in which CO2 groups are removed, carbon chains are shortened, or hydroxy groups are removed are catalyzed by lyases
5
Q
Oxidoreductase
A
- these enzymes catalyse oxidation (loss of a H+) and reduction (gain of a H+) reactions.
- Many reactions involve numerous steps to produce the desired products
- Very often oxidation and reduction reactions are part of these reaction sequences
- Enzymes known as dehydrogenases are common examples of oxidoreductases
6
Q
Transferase
A
- as the name implies, these enzymes catalyze transfer of certain funcitonal groups from one molecule to another
- Acyl-, amino-, carbonyl-, carboxyl-, mehtyl-, and phosphoryl- transferases are common in cellular metabolism
7
Q
First Order Reaction
A
8
Q
Allosteric Enzymes
A
Binds relatively slowly
9
Q
A
Glycerol
10
Q
A
Glyceraldehyde
11
Q
A
Dihydroxyacetone
12
Q
A
Maltose, alpha (1–>4) glycosidic bond
13
Q
A
Cellobiose, beta(1 –> 4) glycosidic bond
14
Q
A
Glycine
(Gly)
15
Q
A
Alanine
(Ala)
16
Q
A
Valine
(Val)
17
Q
A
Leucine
(Leu)
18
Q
A
Isoleucine
(Ile)
19
Q
A
Proline
(Pro)
20
Q
A
Tryptophan
(Trp)
21
Q
A
Phenylalanine
(Phe)
22
Q
A
Methionine
(Met)
23
Q
A
Serine
(Ser)
24
Q
A
Threonine
(Thr)
25
Q
A
Tyrosine
(Tyr)
26
Q
A
Cystine
(Cys)
27
Q
A
Glutamic Acid
(Glu)
28
Q
A
Aspartic Acid
(Asp)
29
Q
A
Glutamine
(Gln)
30
Q
A
Asparagine
(Asn)
31
Q
A
Histidine
(His)
32
Q
A
Lysine
(Lys)
33
Q
A
Arginine
(Arg)
34
Q
Essential Amino Acids
A
- Phe
- Val
- Thr
- Trp
- Ile
- Met
- His
- Arg
- Leu
- Lys
35
Q
A
Starch
36
Q
A
Cellulose
37
Q
Adding phasphate to glucose
A
Glucose + ATP –> Glucose-6-phosphate + ADP
38
Q
A