NON-Sulfa Diuretic?
Ethacrynic Acid (Loop)
Diuretics that work at low GFR (2)?
- Loops
- Metolazone (Thiazide)
Eplerenone vs Spironolactone (2)?
- SARA (fewer endocrine AEs)
- Drug interactions (metabolized by CYP3A4)
NON-acid Diuretics (2)?
- Amiloride (K-sparing)
- Triamterene (K-sparing)
DOC for Lithium-induced DI?
Amiloride (K-Sparing Independent of Aldosterone)
DOC for Hyperaldosteronism?
Spironolactone (K-Sparing Aldosterone Antagonist)
Treats Central DI?
Desmopressin (ADH Agonist)
Treats euvolemic or hypervolemic hyponatremia (SIADH)?
Conivaptan (ADH Antagonist)
DECREASE preload (2)?
- Diuretics
- Venodilators
DECREASE afterload?
Arteriodilators
INCREASE contractility (3)?
Inotropic drugs
- Dobutamine
- Dopamine
- Digoxin
REDUCE energy expenditure of heart (decrease HR)?
B-Blockers
DOC for HF?
ACE-I = “-prils”
Soon-to-be DOC for HF? Why?
ARNI (Ernesto)
- Better at reducing mortality compared to ACE-I alone
DOC for HTN in pregnancy (3)?
- Methyldopa
- Nifedipine
- Labetalol
DOC for HTN + Angina (2)?
- BB
- CCB
DOC for HTN + POST-MI (2)?
- ACE-I/ARB
- BB
DOC for HTN + HF (4)?
- ACE-I/ARB
- BB
- Aldosterone Antagonist
- Diuretics
DOC for HTN + CKD?
ACE-I/ARB
DOC for diabetic nephropathy?
ACE-I/ARB
- CKD in general
DOC for HTN + DM (2)?
- ACE-I/ARB
- CCB
DOC for HTN + Asthma (2)?
- ACE-I
- CCB
DOC for HTN + BPH?
Prazosin
3 HIP drugs and what they lead to?
Lead to Lupus (SLE)
- Hydralazine
- INH
- Procainamide
DOC for EMERGENT HTN in pregnancy?
Hydralazine
DOC for Variant Angina (2)?
- Nitrites/Nitrates
- CCBs (specifically, “-dipines”)
DOC for ACUTE Angina (classic or variant)?
Nitrites/Nitrates
DOC for Hyperlipidemia?
Statins
DOC for Hyperlipidemia in pregnancy?
Resins
- Cholestyramine
Most effective agent for increasing HDL?
Niacin
“Broad spectrum” antiarrhythmic?
Quinidine (Class IA)
DOC for acute ventricular arrhythmias?
Lidocaine = IV (Class IB)
DOC for ventricular arrhythmias?
Amiodarone = oral or IV (Class III)
DOC for ACUTE PSVT (3)?
- Adenosine = IV (other)
- Esmolol = IV (Class II)
- CCBs = oral or IV (Class IV)
DOC for CHRONIC PSVT (2)?
- BB (Class II)
- CCBs (Class IV)
DOC for Torsades de Pointe tx?
Magnesium (other)
All antiarrhythmics can treat supraventricular AND ventricular arrhythmias EXCEPT which which two classes?
Class IB = ventricular ONLY
- Lidocaine
Class IV = supraventricular ONLY
- Verapamil
- Diltiazem
Which four antiarrhythmics are IV ONLY?
- Lidocaine (Class IB)
- Esmolol (Class II)
- Adenosine (Class III)
- Magnesium (other)
STRONGEST antiarrhythmic?
Flecainide (Class IC)
DOC for ACUTE PSVT and WPW Syndrome?
Adenosine (Class III)
DOC to prevent thrombosis in patients WITH coronary stents? What is it soon to be replaced with?
Current: Clopidogrel (Plavix)
- Ticagrelor (Brilinta) = soon-to-be
DOC for anticoagulation in pregnancy (2)
LMWH
- Enoxaprin
- Fondaparinux
Antidote for Heparin? What form is it NOT effective in?
Protamine sulfate
- NOT effective for Fondaparinux
Antidote for Direct Thrombin Inhibitors = Dabigatran (Pradaxa)?
Idarucizumab (Praxbind)
Antidote for Direct Factor Xa Inhibitors = Rivaroxaban (Xarelto) or Apixaban (Eliquis)?
Factor Xa (Andexxa)
Antidote for Warfarin (2)? Which is immediate?
- Vitamin K = takes time
- FFP = IMMEDIATE
Antidote for Fibrinolytics = Alteplase/t-PA (2)?
Antifibrinolytics
- Aminocaproid acid
- Tranexamic acid
Treat pulmonary edema? HOW?
Loops
- Increase systemic capacitance to reduce pulmonary congestion
DOC for Hyperlipidemia + high-risk ASCVD patients? What dose?
Atorvastatin
- HIGH-INTENSITY dosage