EXAM #2 DOCs Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in EXAM #2 DOCs Deck (49)
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1
Q

NON-Sulfa Diuretic?

A

Ethacrynic Acid (Loop)

2
Q

Diuretics that work at low GFR (2)?

A
  • Loops

- Metolazone (Thiazide)

3
Q

Eplerenone vs Spironolactone (2)?

A
  • SARA (fewer endocrine AEs)

- Drug interactions (metabolized by CYP3A4)

4
Q

NON-acid Diuretics (2)?

A
  • Amiloride (K-sparing)

- Triamterene (K-sparing)

5
Q

DOC for Lithium-induced DI?

A

Amiloride (K-Sparing Independent of Aldosterone)

6
Q

DOC for Hyperaldosteronism?

A

Spironolactone (K-Sparing Aldosterone Antagonist)

7
Q

Treats Central DI?

A

Desmopressin (ADH Agonist)

8
Q

Treats euvolemic or hypervolemic hyponatremia (SIADH)?

A

Conivaptan (ADH Antagonist)

9
Q

DECREASE preload (2)?

A
  • Diuretics

- Venodilators

10
Q

DECREASE afterload?

A

Arteriodilators

11
Q

INCREASE contractility (3)?

A

Inotropic drugs

  • Dobutamine
  • Dopamine
  • Digoxin
12
Q

REDUCE energy expenditure of heart (decrease HR)?

A

B-Blockers

13
Q

DOC for HF?

A

ACE-I = “-prils”

14
Q

Soon-to-be DOC for HF? Why?

A

ARNI (Ernesto)

- Better at reducing mortality compared to ACE-I alone

15
Q

DOC for HTN in pregnancy (3)?

A
  • Methyldopa
  • Nifedipine
  • Labetalol
16
Q

DOC for HTN + Angina (2)?

A
  • BB

- CCB

17
Q

DOC for HTN + POST-MI (2)?

A
  • ACE-I/ARB

- BB

18
Q

DOC for HTN + HF (4)?

A
  • ACE-I/ARB
  • BB
  • Aldosterone Antagonist
  • Diuretics
19
Q

DOC for HTN + CKD?

A

ACE-I/ARB

20
Q

DOC for diabetic nephropathy?

A

ACE-I/ARB

- CKD in general

21
Q

DOC for HTN + DM (2)?

A
  • ACE-I/ARB

- CCB

22
Q

DOC for HTN + Asthma (2)?

A
  • ACE-I

- CCB

23
Q

DOC for HTN + BPH?

A

Prazosin

24
Q

3 HIP drugs and what they lead to?

A

Lead to Lupus (SLE)

  • Hydralazine
  • INH
  • Procainamide
25
Q

DOC for EMERGENT HTN in pregnancy?

A

Hydralazine

26
Q

DOC for Variant Angina (2)?

A
  • Nitrites/Nitrates

- CCBs (specifically, “-dipines”)

27
Q

DOC for ACUTE Angina (classic or variant)?

A

Nitrites/Nitrates

28
Q

DOC for Hyperlipidemia?

A

Statins

29
Q

DOC for Hyperlipidemia in pregnancy?

A

Resins

- Cholestyramine

30
Q

Most effective agent for increasing HDL?

A

Niacin

31
Q

“Broad spectrum” antiarrhythmic?

A

Quinidine (Class IA)

32
Q

DOC for acute ventricular arrhythmias?

A

Lidocaine = IV (Class IB)

33
Q

DOC for ventricular arrhythmias?

A

Amiodarone = oral or IV (Class III)

34
Q

DOC for ACUTE PSVT (3)?

A
  • Adenosine = IV (other)
  • Esmolol = IV (Class II)
  • CCBs = oral or IV (Class IV)
35
Q

DOC for CHRONIC PSVT (2)?

A
  • BB (Class II)

- CCBs (Class IV)

36
Q

DOC for Torsades de Pointe tx?

A

Magnesium (other)

37
Q

All antiarrhythmics can treat supraventricular AND ventricular arrhythmias EXCEPT which which two classes?

A

Class IB = ventricular ONLY
- Lidocaine

Class IV = supraventricular ONLY

  • Verapamil
  • Diltiazem
38
Q

Which four antiarrhythmics are IV ONLY?

A
  • Lidocaine (Class IB)
  • Esmolol (Class II)
  • Adenosine (Class III)
  • Magnesium (other)
39
Q

STRONGEST antiarrhythmic?

A

Flecainide (Class IC)

40
Q

DOC for ACUTE PSVT and WPW Syndrome?

A

Adenosine (Class III)

41
Q

DOC to prevent thrombosis in patients WITH coronary stents? What is it soon to be replaced with?

A

Current: Clopidogrel (Plavix)

- Ticagrelor (Brilinta) = soon-to-be

42
Q

DOC for anticoagulation in pregnancy (2)

A

LMWH

  • Enoxaprin
  • Fondaparinux
43
Q

Antidote for Heparin? What form is it NOT effective in?

A

Protamine sulfate

- NOT effective for Fondaparinux

44
Q

Antidote for Direct Thrombin Inhibitors = Dabigatran (Pradaxa)?

A

Idarucizumab (Praxbind)

45
Q

Antidote for Direct Factor Xa Inhibitors = Rivaroxaban (Xarelto) or Apixaban (Eliquis)?

A

Factor Xa (Andexxa)

46
Q

Antidote for Warfarin (2)? Which is immediate?

A
  • Vitamin K = takes time

- FFP = IMMEDIATE

47
Q

Antidote for Fibrinolytics = Alteplase/t-PA (2)?

A

Antifibrinolytics

  • Aminocaproid acid
  • Tranexamic acid
48
Q

Treat pulmonary edema? HOW?

A

Loops

- Increase systemic capacitance to reduce pulmonary congestion

49
Q

DOC for Hyperlipidemia + high-risk ASCVD patients? What dose?

A

Atorvastatin

- HIGH-INTENSITY dosage