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Flashcards in Exam 2 Deck (25)
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1
Q

What is Social Stratification?

A

A society’s categorization of its people into rankings of socioeconomic tiers based on factors like wealth, income, race, education, and power

2
Q

What is Income?

A

Earnings from work or investments

3
Q

What is Wealth?

A

The total value of money and other assets, minus outstanding debts

4
Q

What is Power?

A

Strongly related to wealth and politics

5
Q

What are 5 dimensions of social inequality?

A
  1. Income
  2. Wealth
  3. Power
  4. Prestige
  5. Schooling
6
Q

What are the 4 principles of stratification?

A
  1. Social stratification is a trait of society
  2. Social stratification carries over from generation to generation
  3. Social stratification is universal but variable
  4. Social stratification involves not just inequality but beliefs as well
7
Q

What is the Davis-Moore thesis?

A
  1. Social stratification has beneficial consequences for the operation of society
  2. The more important a position is for society, the greater rewards attached to it
  3. Egalitarian societies could only be equal to the extent that people are willing to let anyone perform any job
8
Q

What stratification exists in hunting and gathering societies?

A

No stratification, little to no job/categorical differences

9
Q

What is Social Mobility?

A

The ability to change positions within a social stratification system

10
Q

What is Intragenerational Social Mobility?

A

A difference in social class between different members of the same generation

11
Q

What is Intergenerational Social Mobility?

A

A difference in social class between different generations of a family

12
Q

What is the Caste System?

A

A system in which people are born into a social standing that they retain their entire lives

13
Q

What societies usually caste?

A

Agrarian societies

14
Q

What is Meritocracy?

A

An ideal system in which personal effort–or merit–determines social standing

15
Q

What is a drawback to meritocracy?

A

Too much social mobility would pull apart families and other social groupings

16
Q

What is Ideology?

A

Cultural beliefs that justify particular social arrangements, including patterns of inequality

17
Q

What is the Just World Theory?

A

The Just World Theory argues that we are motivated to believe that the world is a fair place

18
Q

What is Sex?

A

Physical or physiological differences between males and females, including both primary sex characteristics (the reproductive system) and secondary characteristics such as height and muscularity

19
Q

What is Gender?

A

Behaviors, personal traits, and social positions that society attributes to being female or male

20
Q

What is Biological Determinism?

A

The belief that men and women behave differently due to inherent sex differences related to their biology

21
Q

What is Sexual Dimorphism?

A

Differences in physiology between the male and females of a species

22
Q

What happened to Dutee Chand?

A

Banned from running in India due to a condition called hyperandrogenism, her body produces naturally high levels of testosterone

23
Q

What is Gender Role?

A

Society’s concept of how men and women are expected to look and how they should behave

24
Q

Why would men commit more suicides if women are reported to have higher rates of mental illness?

A

Men are told by society to suppress their emotions

25
Q

What is Rape Culture?

A

A culture in which dominant cultural ideologies, media images, social practices, and societal institutions support and condone sexual abuser by normalizing, trivializing and eroticizing male violence against women and blaming victims for their own abuse