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Flashcards in Exam 2 Deck (62)
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1
Q

_ order neuron: sensory to SC

A

first

2
Q

_ order neuron: SC to Th

A

Second

3
Q

_ order neuron: To other ctx

A

third

4
Q

Spinal gray matter enlarges at _ and _ sections due to the presence of limbs

A

lumbar

sacral

5
Q

C fibers target lamina _

A

1, 2

6
Q

Peptidergic C fibers target _

A

lamina 1, outer lamina 2

7
Q

Nonpeptidergic C fibers target _

A

inner lamina 2

8
Q

A delta myelinated fibers target _

A

lamina 1, 4, 5

9
Q

A beta myelinated fibers target _

A

lamina 3-6 and PKCy+

10
Q

A alpha myelinated fibers target _

A

lamina 6, 7, 9

11
Q

Pain fibers of CN-V enter the SC and _ before crossing and ascending to Th

A

descend to the spinal nucleus

12
Q

Touch fibers of CN-V enter SC and _

A

synapse and join the ML

13
Q

Substance P binds to _

A

NK1

14
Q

Substance P is _ to humans

A

inneffective

15
Q

CGRP binds to _

A

ramp1

16
Q

CGRP is used to _

A

treat migraines in clinical trials

17
Q

BDNF is a _ of nociceptive responses in _

A

endogenous modulator

DRG neurons

18
Q

The lateral STT receives input from _ and projects to _, _, _, _, _, _

A
contralateral lamina I (C)
PAG
Th
Cing
Insula
SI
BS
19
Q

Spinomesencephalic tract

A

SC -> PAG -> limbic system
OR
SC -> parabrachial area -> limbic system

20
Q

Classical Pathway

A

Where
Slow
Dorsal Th, SI
Central Pain Path

21
Q

Non-Classical Pathway

A

What
Fast
Ventral Th
Object information

22
Q

STT originates from lamina _

A

1, 2

23
Q

STT Dorsal Th -> _

A

insula, ant. cingulate

24
Q

STT ventral Th -> _

A

SI/SII -> amygdala, cing, PFC

25
Q

STT SC -> _, _, or _.

A

Dorsal Th
Ventral Th
PAG

26
Q

Descending STT: Ctx -> _, _, _

A

PAG
RVM
Dorsal Horn

27
Q

Islet interneuron NT

A

GABA, Gly

28
Q

Radial, Vertical interneuron NT

A

Glu

29
Q

Central interneuron NT

A

GABA, Gly, Glu

30
Q

Spino-parabrachial pathway bypasses the _ and projects straight to the _.

A

thalamus

limbic area

31
Q

WGA acts as a tracer for _

A

nonpeptidergic nonciceptors

32
Q

Loss of lamina 1 neurons that express substance P results in _

A

pain alleviation

33
Q

PAG

A

site of endogenous pain control NT

34
Q

Pain control NT (in PAG) are _ and _

A

opiod and cannabinoids

35
Q

RVM

A

rostral ventromedial medulla

36
Q

DLPT

A

Dorsolateral pontine tegmentum

37
Q

RVM has _ innervation

A

serotenergic

38
Q

DLPT has _ innervation of the _ thought to be inhibitory

A

noradrenergic

dorsal horn

39
Q

PAG controls _ via RVM and DLPT

A

spinal nociceotive neurons

40
Q

RVM ON-CELLS are _ and _ by morphine

A

excitatory

inhibited

41
Q

RVM OFF-CELLS are _ and _ by morphine

A

inhibitory

excited

42
Q

RVM ON-CELL spikes _ after activation

A

linger

43
Q

RVM OFF-CELL spikes _ after activation

A

diminish quickly

44
Q

PAG neurons activate _ neurons

A

opioid

45
Q

A --_ circuit produces a placebo analgesia

A

PFC-PAG-RVM

46
Q

_ and _ are central to driving analgesia responses.

A

opioids

cannabinoids

47
Q

_ promotes descending facilitation within the PAG and is involved in the _ effect.

A

cholecytokinin (CCK)

Nocebo

48
Q

Activation of _ and _ result in placebo effect

A

PFC

PAG

49
Q

The _ is the sole supplier of serotonin to the dorsal horn.

A

RVM

50
Q

_ in the dorsal horn modulates the effect of pain and is believed to _.

A

promote pain

51
Q

NE causes inhibition when binding to _

A

alpha2 receptors

52
Q

NE causes excitation when binding to _ or _

A

alpha1

beta1/2

53
Q

Alpha1 receptors cause _ and release _

A

excitation

gaba/gly

54
Q

Alpha2 receptors cause _ and release _

A

inhibition

Glu

55
Q

SNRI

A

Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor

56
Q

_ relieves pain and improves function for fibromyalgia

A

duloxetine

57
Q

chronic low back pain causes _ in the cortex

A

decreased gray matter density

58
Q

_ decreases cortical thickness in discrete brain regions

A

fibromyalgia

59
Q

nociceptive input to the amygdala goes to the _ nucleus

A

central anterior

60
Q

nociceptive input to the _ expands the noxious receptive field of amygdala neurons to the entire body

A

right amygdala

61
Q

pain results in _

A

cognitive impairment

62
Q

acute treatment of pain doesn’t treat _ induced attention deficits

A

plasticity