Exam 2

Question 1

Metaphonology

Answer 1

The ability to pay attention to, and reflect upon, the phonological structure of language.

Question 2

Categorical perception

Answer 2

Knowledge of which acoustic word properties are important to our language

Question 3

Recognition masking

Answer 3

The ability to perceive sound, even when covered up.

Question 4

Phonemic restoration

Answer 4

Filling in phonemes that have dropped out and are not heard

Question 5

Simple & complex sentences

Answer 5

1

Question 6

Overregularization

Answer 6

1

Question 7

Grammatical morphemes*

Answer 7

1

Question 8

Free morphemes*

Answer 8

1

Question 9

Bound morphemes*

Answer 9

1

Question 10

MLU

Answer 10

1

Question 11

Propositions

Answer 11

ideas

Question 12

Regression

Answer 12

1

Question 13

Motherese

Answer 13

1

Question 14

Semantic absurdities

Answer 14

things that don’t make sense

Question 15

Relative quantity terms

Answer 15

some, lots, a few, many

Question 16

Kinship terms

Answer 16

mommy, daddy, sister

Question 17

Dimensional adjective pairs

Answer 17

big-little

Question 18

Deictic terms*

Answer 18

Words whose use and interpretation depend on the location of a speaker and listener within a particular setting. To use such terms correctly, children must be able to adopt their conversational partners’ perspective. Examples: the terms here and this, used to indicate proximity to the speaker, and the terms there and that, used to indicate proximity to the listener.

Question 19

Fast mapping

Answer 19

creating associations with minimal exposure

Question 20

Lexical innovations*

Answer 20

creating new words based on prior word knowledge

Question 21

Extendibility

Answer 21

Extendibility Principle a word can refer to items that have similar attributes

The notion that words label categories of objects, not using the original exemplar. Therefore, the word ball can be used to describe multiple objects that fall under the basic-level category ball.

Question 22

Categorical assumption

Answer 22

gives the same label to related entities

Question 23

Overextentions*

Answer 23

broad use of words

Question 24

Loose associations

Answer 24

No meaningful/logical connection to the concept

Question 25

Wrong referent

Answer 25

wrong word use

Question 26

Underextensions*

Answer 26

narrow use of words

Question 27

Propositional analysis

Answer 27

Ideas conveyed through connected speech/writing

Question 28

Relational semantics

Answer 28

Meanings conveyed by the relationships between words

Question 29

Lexical semantics

Answer 29

The meaning conveyed by individual words

Question 30

Conventionality assumption

Answer 30

Conventionality Assumption expecting consistency in the use of words and what they represent

Question 31

Reference principle

Answer 31

words symbolize objects, actions, events, and concepts (Ex: dog, run)

Question 32

Whole-object principle

Answer 32

Whole-Object Principle a label refers to a whole entity rather than a part

words map to whole objects (ex: bird = entire bird, not just a part)

Question 33

Novel-name principle

Answer 33

Novel Nameless Assumption linking a word to a gesture

A principle stating that a nameless object included in a group of known objects should be the recipient of a novel label. Supporting the principle of object scope, the principle of N3C is based on the principle of mutual exclusivity but does not presuppose that children avoid attaching more than one label to an object.

Question 34

Bootstrapping

Answer 34

Going from little knowledge to a lot by using what you have

Question 35

Evocative utterances

Answer 35

Expressive strategies used by toddler

child names an item and gets feedback

Question 36

Hypothesis testing

Answer 36

Expressive strategies used by toddler

child seeks confirmation by using a rise in intonation

Question 37

Selective imitation

Answer 37

Expressive strategies used by toddler

repeats words

Question 38

Interrogative utterance

Answer 38

Expressive strategies used by toddler

repeats words