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My Neuroanatomy Behavioral Neurosciences > Exam 1: Introductory Neuroanatomy > Flashcards

Exam 1: Introductory Neuroanatomy Flashcards

•Be able to diagram the directional terms as they relate to brain anatomy. •Be able to name the lobes, gyri, sulci, and fissures on a picture or diagram of a brain. •Be able to locate the important functional regions of the cerebral cortex and describe what those regions do.

1
Q

What does grey matter contain?

What are some examples of grey matter?

A

Contains:

neuron cell bodies, dendrites, initial unmylinated portons of axons, etc…

Examples:

Cerebral cortex, Cerebellar cortex, Nuclei, Ganglia, Inside of spinal cord

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2
Q

What does white matter contain?

What are some examples of white matter?

A

Contains:

mylinated axons, plus oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, microglia

Examples:

Tract, Fascicle, Lemniscus, Bundle, Commissure

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3
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Lateral sulcus (fissure)

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4
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Central sulcus (lateral view)

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5
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Central sulcus (medial view)

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6
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Longitudinal fissure

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7
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Frontal lobe (lateral view)

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8
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Parietal lobe (lateral view)

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9
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Temporal lobe (lateral view)

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10
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Occipital lobe (lateral view)

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11
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Parietal-Occipital sulcus (lateral view)

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12
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Pre-occipital notch (lateral view)

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13
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Frontal lobe (medial view)

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14
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Parietal lobe (medial view)

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15
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Temporal lobe (medial view)

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16
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Occipital lobe (medial view)

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17
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Limbic lobe (medial view)

aka Cingulate gyrus

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18
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Parietal-Occipital sulcus (medial view)

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19
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Insula

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20
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Precentral gyrus

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21
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Precentral sylcus

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22
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Superior Frontal gyrus (lateral view)

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23
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Surperior Frontal sulcus

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24
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Middle Frontal gyrus

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25
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Inferior Frontal sulcus

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26
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Inferior Frontal gyrus

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27
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Superior frontal gyrus (medial view)

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28
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Paracentral lobule

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29
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Marginal sulcus

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30
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Cingulate sulcus

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31
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Cingulate gyrus

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32
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Postcentral gyrus

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33
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Postcentral sulcus

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34
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Intraparietal sulcus

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35
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Superior parietal lobule

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36
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Inferior parietal lobule

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37
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Supramarginal gyrus

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38
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Angular gyrus

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39
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Precuneus

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40
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Lateral occipital gyri

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41
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Cuneus

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42
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Calcarine sulcus

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43
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Lingual gyrus

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44
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Gyri breves

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45
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Gyri longi

46
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Transverse temporal gyri (of Heschl)

47
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Superior temporal gyrus

48
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Superior temporal sulcus

49
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Middle temporal gyrus

50
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Middle temporal sulcus

51
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Inferior temporal gyrus

52
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Gyrus rectus

53
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Orbital gyri

54
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Uncus

55
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Parahippocampal gyrus

56
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Occipitotemporal sulcus (Inferior temporal sulcus)

57
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Occipitotemporal gyrus (fusiform gyrus)

58
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Collateral sulcus

59
Q

Which structure is directly adjacent to the postcentral gyrus?

A. Angular gyrus

B. Lingual gyrus

C. Middle frontal gyrus

D. Middle temporal gyrus

E. Supramarginal gyrus

A

Answer to flip side Question:

E.

Supramarginal gyrus

60
Q

Postcentral gyrus + Posterior paracentral gyrus

represent which Brodmann’s Area?

A

Identify the landmark representing Brodmann’s Area

3, 1, 2

61
Q

Precentral gyrus + Anterior paracentral gyrus

represent which Brodmann’s Area?

A

Identify the landmark representing Brodmann’s Area

4

62
Q

Pars opercularis

represents which Brodmann’s Area?

A

Identify the landmark representing Brodmann’s Area

44

63
Q

Pars triangularis

represents which Brodmann’s Area?

A

Identify the landmark representing Brodmann’s Area

45

64
Q

Pars orbitalis

represents which Brodmann’s Area?

A

Identify the landmark representing Brodmann’s Area

47

65
Q

Supramarginal gyrus

represents which Brodmann’s Area?

A

Identify the landmark representing Brodmann’s Area

40

66
Q

Angular gyrus

represents which Brodmann’s Area?

A

Identify the landmark representing Brodmann’s Area

39

67
Q

Cuneus

represents which Brodmann’s Area?

A

Identify the landmark representing Brodmann’s Area

17,18,19

68
Q

Calcarine sulcus + Lingual gyrus

represent which Brodmann’s Area?

A

Identify the landmark representing Brodmann’s Area

17

69
Q

Somatotopic organization

A

Topographically organized according to anatomical relationships

70
Q

Sensory Homunculus

A

What we would look like if the amount of space in our brain dedicated to each of our body parts correlated with their actual size.

71
Q

Function of:

Precentral Gyrus

A

Primary somatomotor cortex

72
Q

Function of:

Postcentral Gyrus

A

Primary somatosensory cortex

73
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Premotor cortex

74
Q

Function of:

Premotor cortex

A

Initital and sequencing of movements

75
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Frontal eye field

76
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Prefrontal cortex

77
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Broca’s area

78
Q

Function of:

Frontal eye field

A

conscious eye movements

79
Q

Function of:

Prefrontal cortex

A

intellect, problem solving, emotional control

80
Q

Function of:

Broca’s area

A

motor speech

right side = emotional speech

81
Q

Function of:

Frontal lobe

A

Restraint, Initiative, Order

82
Q

Function of:

Transverse temporal gyri of Heschl

A

Primary auditory cortex

83
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Occipitotemporal gyrus (fusiform gyrus)

84
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Hippocampus

85
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Lateral temporal lobe

86
Q

Function of:

Occipitotemporal gyrus (fusiform gyrus)

A

Recognition of faces and expressions

87
Q

Function of:

Hippocampus

A

Infolding of the cortex responsible for

short-term declarative memory

Modulation of aggression

(removed in patient H.M.)

88
Q

Function of:

Lateral temporal lobe

A

right = objects and faces

left = language

Wernicke’s area (Brodmann’s area 22)

89
Q

Which of the following is the most accurate way to describe the location of the cingulate gyrus?

A. Caudal to the parieto-occipital sulcus

B. Dorsal to the superior temporal gyrus

C. Ventral to the intraparietal sulcus

D. Ventral to the superior frontal gyrus

A

Answer to flip side Question:

D.

Ventral to the superior frontal gyrus

90
Q

Function of:

Cingulate gyrus

A

Part of the limbic system

Controls emotions

Regulation of visceral processes

Learning

motor area = genuine facial expressions

91
Q

Identify the regions responsible for smile of each picture

A

Left = Primary motor cortex

Right = Cingulate motor area

92
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Primary visual cortex

93
Q

Function of area around:

Calcarine sulcus

A

Primary visual cortex

94
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Hypothalamus

95
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Thalamus

96
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Epithalamus

97
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Diencephalon

98
Q

Function of:

Hypothalamus

A

Maintains homeostasis for things such as sleep, metabolism, sexual drive, hormone secretion, autonomics, etc…

99
Q

Function of:

Thalamus

A

Relay for sensory information

100
Q

Function of:

Epithalamus

A

Pineal body in this region regulates sleep

101
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Midbrain

102
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Pons

103
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Medulla

104
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Brainstem

105
Q

Function of:

Brainstem

A

Contains nuclei that regulate cranial nerve functions and regulate visceral functions

Ascending and descending tracts and decussations

106
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Cerebellum

107
Q

Function of:

Cerebellum

A

Modulates motor output (coordination)

Balance

Learned movements

Learned response to stimuli

108
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Corpus Callosum

109
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Fornix

110
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Anterior commissure

111
Q

Identify the landmark

A

Posterior commissure

My Neuroanatomy Behavioral Neurosciences (32 decks)

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