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pediatrics > EXAM 1 > Flashcards

EXAM 1 Flashcards

1
Q

permission to treat child BUT

A

step parents
state custody
someone else bringing in child for tx
when parents disagree with tx plan

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2
Q

Minimize physical and psychological distress

A

atraumatic care

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3
Q

Return to earlier developmental abilities

Temporary return to what is more comfortable

A

regression

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4
Q

examples of regression

A

wetting the bed
stuffed animals depending on age
more clingy to parents

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5
Q

pain interventions nurses prefer

A

consolation and medication

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6
Q

Disability from birth

A

Congenital anomaly

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7
Q

Maturational lag

A

developmental delay

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8
Q

Mental or physical disability

A

developmental disability

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9
Q

trisomy 21

A

down syndrome

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10
Q

info about downs

A

they will meet milestones like normal children but just later
poor muscle tone

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11
Q

examples of atraumatic care

A

fewer procedures

pain management

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12
Q

limit juice to

A

4 oz per day

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13
Q

when should child see dentist

A

by their first birthday

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14
Q

The sudden and unexplained death of an apparently healthy infant, usually under 1 year of age, which remains unexplained after a complete medical history, death scene investigation and post-mortem examination

A

sudden infant death syndrome

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15
Q

caused by prolonged exposure to irritants

A

diaper dermatitis

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16
Q

what is used to treat candidiasis

A

nyastatin

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17
Q

if baby has candidiasis and mom is breast feeding what would we tell her to do

A

she might develop yeast infection on her nipples

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18
Q

breast milk is the complete diet for

A

6 months

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19
Q

when are babies usually ready for solid foods

A

4-6 months

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20
Q

switch to cows milk when

A

12 months

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21
Q

Child is busy learning new things that they are too busy to eat; baby still needs to drink enough but a couple days without food is not a big deal

A

Physiological anorexia

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22
Q

what is considered a toddler

A

1-3 years

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23
Q

when is milk harmful

A

when a toddler drinks more than 32 oz per day

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24
Q

how is varicella zoster transmitted

A

airborne and direct contact

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25
Q 
Fever
Malaise
Headache
Itching
Vesicular rash
A

varicella zoster/chicken pox

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26
Q

tx of varicella

A

Supportive
Tylenol (No aspirin)
Fluids
Comfort for itching (baths)

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27
Q

respiratory secretions and blood. Human Parvovirus B19

A

Erythema Infectiosum (5th’s Disease)

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28
Q

why should pregnant women avoid contact with person with 5ths

A

it is contagious prior to symptoms

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29
Q

honey crusted lesions

A

impetigo

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30
Q

bacteria infection of the skin

A

impetigo

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31
Q

Virus spread by direct contact with respiratory secretions/droplets of infected person

A

rubella/measles

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32
Q

type of precautions for rubella/measles

A

Airborne precautions until 5th day of rash

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33
Q

temp

A

36.5-37.6

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34
Q

how to get rr and hr

A

apical pulse and rr listen for 1 minute because radial is only accurate after 2 years old

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35
Q

sunken font

A

dehydration

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36
Q

bulging font

A

increase icp

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37
Q

innate immunity that people have

A

natural

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38
Q

exposure to infectious agent before

A

acquired

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39
Q

immunity from antigens from having disease or being immunized

A

active

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40
Q

temporary from additives from antigens or immunoglobulins from somebody

A

passive

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41
Q

transmitted by blood and body fluids

A

hep b

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42
Q

3 oral doses to control the virus

A

rotavirus vaccine

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43
Q

bacterial infection can cause airway obstruction and severe sequelae

A

dipheria

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44
Q

painful muscle rigidity

A

tetanus

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45
Q

whopping cough; can cause severe respiratory distress can still get if immunized

A

pertussis

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46
Q

what does dtap cover

A

dipheria, tetanus, pertussis

47
Q

protects against serious infections caused by bacterial meningitis, epiglottis, pneumonia, sepsis

A

haemophilus influenza type b / hib

48
Q

2 doses given sub q

A

MMR

49
Q

live vaccine

A

MMR

50
Q

who is MMR contraindicated for

A

pregnant women

51
Q

common side effect of mmr

A

rash 7-10 days after injection

52
Q

varicella

A

live vaccine

53
Q

side effect of varicella

A

rash 7-10 days after injection

54
Q

recommended for all >6 months yearly in fall

A

influenza

55
Q

contraindicated if you’re allergic to eggs

A

influenza

56
Q

transmitted fecal oral route

A

hep a

57
Q

prevents meningitis

A

meningococcal

58
Q

car safety

A

infants rear facing until 2 or until max height for car seat

59
Q

booster

A

until 8-12 yo

60
Q

removes lead from blood but not from bones or fat and it does not reverse effects

A

chelation therapy

61
Q

when is chelation therapy used

A

levels 44 or higher

62
Q

30 ml

A

1 oz

63
Q

5 ml

A

1 teaspoom

64
Q

15 ml

A

1 tablespoon

65
Q

8 oz

A

I cup or 240 ml

66
Q

16 pounds

A

1 oz

67
Q

when can infants roll over

A

4 mo

68
Q

when can infants sit by themselves

A

8 mo

69
Q

giving IM injections to who and where

A

less than 18 mo or 2 years old; vastus laterals

70
Q

greater than 18 mo old where do we give injections

A

subq

71
Q

least invasive to most

A

rr - hr - temp - weigh - bp

72
Q

infants vision

A

at birth eye muscles are not full formed so they have strabismus (cross eyed)

73
Q

live vaccines and what to tell the patient after getting them

A

MMR and varicella; fever 24-48 hrs and sore injection site

74
Q

person who had recent blood, plasma, or IgG for live virus vaccines need to

A

wait a minimum of 3 months

75
Q

HIV and vaccines

A

can receive live virus vaccines if asymptomatic ; if symptomatic then NO

76
Q

AIDS and vaccines

A

if not considered in an asymptomatic state

77
Q

chemo and vaccines

A

wait 3 months usually to restart vaccination schedule

78
Q

when do you use the number scale to rate pain

A

person who is older than 8 years old`

79
Q

proper belt placement

A

across hips, NOT waist

80
Q

antidote of tylenol

A

acetylcysteine

81
Q

antidote of narcotics

A

narcan

82
Q

TX for poison; absorbs compound

A

charcoal

83
Q

aspiration, intestinal obstruction, electrolyte imbalance

A

what is the risk for charcoal

84
Q

stimulate evacuation of bowel, decreasing intestinal absorption

A

cathartics

85
Q

what is considered overweight

A

greater than 85%

86
Q

what is considered obese

A

greater than 95%

87
Q

1 risk for trisomy 21

A

advanced age

88
Q

nursing care for SIDS

A

support, back to sleep, firm sleep surface, and tummy time

89
Q

tx for chronic cases of thrush

A

gentian violet

90
Q

38 c

A

100.4 F

91
Q

what is considered a harmful fever

A

41.7 C or 107 F

92
Q

what do you not want to give a kid with a fever

A

aspirin due to reyes syndrome (swelling of the brain and liver damage)

93
Q

tx for fever

A

acetaminophen

ibuprofen

94
Q

occurs during temp rise

A

febrile seizure

95
Q

impetigo

A

bacterial infection

96
Q

preschooler

A

3-6

97
Q

toddler

A

1-3

98
Q

school age

A

6-11

99
Q

sports, movies, dances, cell phones, networking, friends

A

adolescent

100
Q

what does slap stand for

A

Specificity - ask if feeling suicide
Lethality - how lethal are means
Accessibility - available
Proximity - have they determined a time

101
Q

how much weight should baby gain first 5 months

A

1.5 pounds per month

102
Q

how much weight should baby gain during 6-12 months

A

3/4 pound per month

103
Q

rotavirus

A

3 oral doses

104
Q

education, rescreen, nutritional interventions, developmental follow up

A

blood treatment 5-14

105
Q

rescreen in 1 year

A

blood tx less than 5

106
Q

rescreening, refer to social services, environmental clean up

A

blood tx 15-19

107
Q

home and medical tx; investigate environment

A

blood tx 20-44

108
Q

start chelation therapy

A

blood tx 45-69

109
Q

immediate intervention ; start chelation NOW

A

blood tx 70+

110
Q

what is important to remember for person getting chelation therapy

A

I and o, take fluids, stay hydrated

111
Q

ftt is weight considered

A

weight less than 5% for age

112
Q

high risks for ftt

A

very low birth weight, congenital heart disease

113
Q

how many calories are we increasing for ftt patient

A

24 cal/ oz formula to catch up

pediatrics (2 decks)

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