Evidence-Based Practice

Question 1

Quantitative vs. Qualitative studies

Answer 1

Quantitative = number-based, measurable (ie: survey data)

Qualitative = collecting of words (ie: interview feedback) more than numeric data

Question 2

Single-Hierarchy Evidence Model

Answer 2

Goes from Level I (highest validity) to Level V (lowest validity).

Level I = Ideal; systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses.

Level V = Least ideal; narrative reviews, descriptive case reports (ie: therapist describes one client case)

Question 3

Systematic Review

Answer 3

Review of high-quality studies on a particular research question. Means multiple studies were used. *Higher validity type of research (Level I)!

Question 4

Meta-analysis

Answer 4

Like a systematic review, but uses statistical techniques to combine results of eligible studies. More statistics-involved than systematic review. Also a higher validity (Level I) research.

Question 5

Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)

Answer 5

Group participation is randomly done, outcomes are compared to outcomes of a control group. *More people + more randomized = best validity scenario!

Question 6

Higher Level Evidence means:

Answer 6

• Less likely biased
• May be more generalizable
• More trustworthy
• More scientifically rigorous
• Outcome attributable to the intervention studied

Question 7

Critical appraisal of evidence (questions to ask):

Answer 7

• What journal is it from? Peer-reviewed?
• How recent is it?
• How many people in the sample? Inclusion/exclusion criteria?
• Who did the study (potential for bias)?
• Do you agree with interpretation?