Eutocia, Dystocia, Dystocia Management Flashcards Preview

RUSVM Theriogenology > Eutocia, Dystocia, Dystocia Management > Flashcards

Flashcards in Eutocia, Dystocia, Dystocia Management Deck (33)
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1
Q

When examining the fetus in a dystocia case, you note meconium-stained amniotic fluid. What does this indicate for the calf?

A

stressed calf

2
Q

Identify this piece of equipment:

A

head snare

3
Q

Identify this piece of equipment:

A

eye hooks

Yeah. You put these into the eyes of the calf to pull on it (no chains). Will break the frontal bones. These are used to steer, not for traction.

4
Q

Does this image show proper chain placement?

A

Yes

You want to make sure you place a loop above and a halfhitch below the fetlock joint. The connecting chain should be on the top of the leg

5
Q

The left limb of this calf is retained at the:

A

carpus

6
Q

Turning the fetus on its transverse axis into a cranial or caudal presentation is termed:

A

version

this is a rare presentation in cattle; have to turn using its limbs

7
Q

What is the posture of this calf?

  • Anterior, longitudinal
  • Dorsosacral
  • Front limbs extended, head retained
A

front limbs extended, head retained

8
Q

It is expected to see udder edema and milk production __________ prior to parturition

A

~1-2 weeks

9
Q

The process by which the fetus is restored to a deliverable fashion is called:

A

mutation

10
Q

Wedging of the fetus into the cervical canal stimulates oxytocin release, which stimulates more uterine contractions, more oxytocin release, etc.

This process describes __________ reflex

A

Ferguson’s reflex

11
Q

Are these chains placed correctly?

A

No.

You want to make sure you place a loop above and a halfhitch below the fetlock joint. The connecting chain should be on the top of the leg​. (See image below)

12
Q

Abnormal or abnormally difficult birth is termed:

A

dystocia

13
Q

Describe the position of this calf:

A

dorsosacral

Remember, position refers to the anatomic relationship of the dorsum of fetus relative to maternal pelvis

14
Q

Describe the presentation of this calf:

A

anterior

Remember, presentation refers to the relationship of the spinal axis of the fetus to that of the dam (the portion of the fetus that is entering the birth canal - coming out at you)

15
Q

Identify this piece of equipment:

A

OB handles

16
Q

Describe the presentation of this calf:

A

posterior

17
Q

Stage 2 of parturition begins with rupture of ____________

A

chorioallantoic membrane

“breaking water”

18
Q

What hormone is responsible for relaxation of pelvic ligaments?

A

relaxin

19
Q

Expulsion of the fetal membranes occurs in Stage ___ of parturition

A

Stage 3

20
Q

What are the three stages of eutocia?

A
  • Stage 1: Initiation of myometrial contractions
  • Stage 2: Expulsion of the fetus
  • Stage 3: Expulsion of the fetal membranes
21
Q

Pushing the fetus out of the maternal pelvis into the uterine cavity to enable correction of an abnormality is termed:

A

repulsion

22
Q

Turning the fetus on its longitudinal axis is termed:

A

rotation

23
Q

When using chains, it’s important not to apply traction on both forelimbs at the same time. This can result in:

A

shoulder lock

  • The shoulders may become locked in the pelvic canal and that would suck*
  • (This can happen with the hind limbs as well - “hip lock”)*
24
Q

Among common domestic breeds, _________ probably risk the highest incidence of dystocia

A

cattle

25
Q

What is the most common fetal cause of dystocia?

A

abnormal presentation, position, or posture

26
Q

The left limb of this calf is retained at the:

A

shoulder

27
Q

Delivery of the fetus occurs in Stage ___ of eutocia

A

Stage 2

28
Q

Ferguson’s reflex is when wedging of the fetus into the cervical canal stimulates __________ release

A

oxytocin

29
Q

Describe the posture of this calf:

A

head and front limbs extended

Remember, posture refers to the anatomic relationship of the fetal extremities to its own body (flexed, extended, retained, etc.)

30
Q

Identify the correct presentation, position, and posture:

  • Caudal, dorso-iliac, hind limbs extended
  • Caudal, dorso-iliac, right hind flexed
  • Caudal, dorso-sacral, left leg extended, right leg flexed at the stifle
  • Caudal, dorso-sacral, right hind retained
A

Caudal, dorso-sacral, left leg extended, right leg flexed at the stifle​

31
Q

What is the signal to initiate parturition?

A

fetal cortisol

32
Q

T/F: J-lube is the preferred lubricant for dystocia cases

A

False

  • OB lube is the preferred lubricant.*
  • J-lube is great, but if you have to do a C-section for some reason or have to open the abdomen, leakage of J-lube into the abdomen can cause illness and/or death.*
33
Q

Identify this piece of equipment:

A

Krey Hook

usually used for fetotomy