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Ethnobotany > Ethnobotany chapter 11 > Flashcards

Ethnobotany chapter 11 Flashcards

1
Q

Name 3 things in this classroom that are made from plants.

A

tables, walls, and wooden shelves

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2
Q

What is a fiber?

A

A thread or a filament, from a plant tissue.

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3
Q

What is phloem tissue?

A

plant tissues that conducts the transport of food throughout the plant

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4
Q

What is wood?

A

hard fibrous material that forms the main substance of a trunk

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5
Q

What is xylem tissue?

A

plant tissue that transports water & dissolved minerals throughout the plant

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6
Q

What makes fibers a white color?

A

cellulose

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7
Q

What are Sclerenchyma fiber cells?

A

elongated, thick walled cells, and dead plants

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8
Q

What makes fibers a brown color?

A

lignin

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9
Q

What method do they use to extract cotton fibers from the cotton plant?

A

ginning

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10
Q

What is ginning?

A

process of removing seed fibers

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11
Q

What are the 3 stages of extracting fibers from stems?

A

retting, scotching, and hackling

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12
Q

What is retting?

A

first process after harvesting to extract plant fibers

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13
Q

What is scotching?

A

process after retting, beating and scraping fibers to remove remaining unwanted tissue

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14
Q

What is hackling?

A

process of aligning the separate fibers in vertical pins to detangle them

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15
Q

What process is used to extract fibers from leaves?

A

decorticating

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16
Q

What is decorticating?

A

method used for leaf fibers

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17
Q

What are the 3 main plants we get surface fibers from?

A

coconut, cotton, and hemp

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18
Q

Coconut is in what family?

A

palm family

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19
Q

What process do they use to extract coconut fibers from the fruit?

A

retting

20
Q

How long do they Rett coconuts?

A

10 months

21
Q

Name 2 things coconut fibers can be used for?

A

ropes and matting

22
Q

Give the common name for the cotton that is native to India and Pakistan

A

tree cotton

23
Q

Give the common name for the cotton that is native to Africa and Arabia

A

levant cotton

24
Q

Give one common name for the cotton that is native to the Americas, this cotton also makes up 90% of the worlds cotton

A

upland cotton

25
Q

Give one common name for the cotton that is native to the Americas, this cotton provides the finest quality cotton threads and is popular in Egypt

A

Egyptian cotton

26
Q

Which 2 cottons are from the old world?

A

tree cotton and levant cotton

27
Q

Which 2 cottons are from the new world?

A

uplant cotton and sea island cotton

28
Q

What is staple?

A

cotton hairs

29
Q

What is the difference between linter and lint?

A

Linter- short, thick hairs. Lint- long, soft hairs

30
Q

Who invented the cotton gin?

A

Eli Whitney

31
Q

What did the cotton gin begin?

A

industrial revolution

32
Q

How many pairs of jeans can you get from one bale of cotton?

A

325

33
Q

Which spikey tree provides surface fibers?

A

Kapok tree

34
Q

What are bast fibers?

A

soft fibers derived from thick walled phloem cells

35
Q

What are the 3 bast fibers we talked about in class?

A

hemp, jute, and linen

36
Q

Which is the second most produced fiber in the world? This is a type of bast fiber?

A

jute

37
Q

Give one example of something made of jute fiber

A

twine

38
Q

What fiber did Egyptians wrap their mummies in?

A

linin

39
Q

Is linen strong?

A

yes

40
Q

Give one example of something made of linin

A

bedsheets

41
Q

Why is linen so expensive?

A

manual labor

42
Q

Which fiber makes up the declaration of independence?

A

hard fibers

43
Q

What are hard fibers?

A

extracted from leaves of certain plants with long parallel veins

44
Q

What are the 2 hard fibers we talked about in class?

A

sisal and abaca

45
Q

Which fiber is extracted from the agave leaves?

A

sisal

46
Q

Which fiber is extracted from the banana plant?

A

abaca

47
Q

Name two items made from banana fibers

A

tea bags and food wrappings

Ethnobotany (2 decks)

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