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Flashcards in Enzymes Deck (26)
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1
Q

What is the shape of an enzyme vital for?

A

It’s function

2
Q

What changes the shape of an enzyme?

A

High temperatures

3
Q

What do different enzymes work best at?

A

Different pH values

4
Q

Some enzymes work outside the…

A

Body cells

5
Q

What are digestive enzymes produced by?

A

Specialised cells in glands and in the lining of the gut

6
Q

What do digestive enzymes catalyse the breakdown of?

A

Large molecules into smaller molecules

7
Q

Where is amylase produced?

A

Salivary glands, pancreas, small intestine

8
Q

What does amylase catalyse the breakdown of? Where?

A

Starch into sugars, in the mouth and the small intestine

9
Q

Where is protease produced?

A

Stomach, pancreas, small intestine

10
Q

What does protease catalyse the breakdown of? Where?

A

Proteins into amino acids, in the stomach and small intestine

11
Q

Where is lipase produced?

A

Pancreas, small intestine

12
Q

What does lipase catalyse the breakdown of? Where?

A

Lipids into fatty acids and glycerol, in the small intestine

13
Q

What else does the stomach produce?

A

Hydrochloric acid

14
Q

What type of conditions do enzymes in the stomach work best at?

A

Acidic conditions

15
Q

What does the liver produce? Where is it stored?

A

Bile, stored in the gall bladder

16
Q

Where is bile released into? Why?

A

The small intestine, to neutralise the acid that was in the food from the stomach

17
Q

What conditions do enzymes in the small intestine work best at?

A

Alkaline

18
Q

Some microorganisms produce enzymes that…

A

Pass out of the cells

19
Q

Where do enzymes produced by microorganisms have many uses?

A

In industry and at home

20
Q

What do biological detergents contain?

A

Proteases and lipases

21
Q

What are biological detergents more effective at?

A

Lower temperatures

22
Q

What enzyme is used in baby food? Why?

A

Protease, to pre-digest the protein

23
Q

What’s carbohydrase used to convert starch into?

A

Sugar syrup

24
Q

What is isomerase used to convert glucose syrup into?

A

Fructose syrup- which is very sweet

25
Q

In industry, enzymes are used to…

A

Bring about reactions at normal temperatures and pressures

26
Q

What’s the problem with enzymes in industry?

A

They are denatured at high temperatures and are costly to produce