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Introduction to Culture: British History > English Revolution > Flashcards

Flashcards in English Revolution Deck (21)
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1
Q

What was the relationship like between Crown and House of Commons at the end of the 16th century and why?

A

increasing tension between Crown and House of Commons due to Puritanism

2
Q

What was a key characteristic of James I ‘s reign?

A

Absolutism increased, taxes dened, censorship of Puritanism

3
Q

Who censored Puritanism?

A

Laud

4
Q

When and why did the Mayflower leave England?

A

1620, Puritans cannot reform England, so they create NEW ENGLAND

5
Q

What were the main characteristics of Charles I’s reign?

A

war against Scots to reform Church, bankruptcy, Short and Long Parliament

6
Q

What were the issues that actually started the English Revolution?

  1. ) political
  2. )class
  3. ) economy
  4. ) religious
  5. ) ideology
A
  1. ) absolutist monarchy vs Parliament
  2. ) aristocracy vs bourgeoise
  3. ) Crown raises taxes vs. individual property
  4. ) Anglican Church vs. Puritan Church
  5. ) Divine Right vs. freedom of individual
7
Q

What are the differences between the Royal Army and the New Model Army?

A

New model army

support from people, well financed, democratic, rise by merit

8
Q

What was the Soldiers Council?

A

debates for after war situation (strategy of army, politics, religion)
elected 100 people into Parliament

9
Q

What is the key motto of the Soldiers Council?

A

Religious freedom for everybody

10
Q

What did the Soldiers Council do to the NMA?

A

debates contribute to the poltization of the army

11
Q

What happend with Chrales I in 1646?

A

He was put under house arrest

12
Q

Who were the MP’s of the Parliament in 1647?

A

Presbytarians 150

Independents 100

13
Q

What was the plan of the Presbytarians?

A

they wanted to disband the army, create a Presbytarian state church also Puritan

14
Q

What would be the consequences of a Presbytarian state church?

A

It is a sign of control and would end religious toleration and freedom of sppech

15
Q

What was the plan of the Independents?

A

keep the army and grant religious toleration for everbody except Catholics

16
Q

When and how did the conflict between Presbytarians and Independents escalate?

A

Independents marched into and occupied London in 1648 due to Presbytarian’s secret negotiations with the King
in the late 1648 Presbytarians were thrown out
Rump Parliament

17
Q

When did the Regicide occur?

A

Charles I was executed by Oliver Cromwell in 1649

18
Q

Why was the regicide so significant?

A
  1. first time that people killed a monarch in England

2. end of divine rule

19
Q

Who did Oliver Cromwell become after the regicide?

A

he was head of the English Commonwealth (11 years) and Council of State

20
Q

What changed during the English Commonwealth?

  1. parliament
  2. property
  3. document
  4. democracy
  5. tax
  6. challenge
A
  1. aboltion of the House of Lords
  2. confiscation of royal property
  3. Agreement of the People
  4. universal male suffrage
  5. property tax wanted but not pushed
  6. left wing challenge (Levellers)
21
Q

Timeline

1603
1620
1625
1638
1639
1640, April, November
1646
1648
1649
A
1603- death of Elizabeth I
1620- Mayflower
1625- Charles I
1638- Parliament denies tax
1639- War against Scotland
1640- bankruptcy of Crown
April 1640- Short Parliament
November 1640- Long Parliament 
1646- Chrales I house arrest
1648- Rump Parliament
1649-Regicide