Enemy Attack and Terrorist Use of Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Weapons Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Enemy Attack and Terrorist Use of Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Weapons Deck (37)
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1
Q

Chemical agents are chemical substances intended for military use to kill, seriously injure or incapacitate. How are they categorized?

A

according to the physiological effects.

2
Q

List the 6 categories of chemical agents

A

1) Lung-damaging agents (choking); 2) blister agents; 3) blood agents; 4) incapacitating agents; 5) nerve agents; and 6) toxic industrial chemicals.

3
Q

Biological agents are microorganisms, toxins derived from them, that cause disease exclusively in personnel. T/F

A

False (also cause disease in plants or animals)

4
Q

Biological agents include viruses, bacteria, fungi and toxins cultured from living organisms. In what forms can they be found?

A

liquid droplets, aerosols, or dry powders

5
Q

What kind of radiation, such as light, radio frequency emissions and microwaves, generally produces heat when it interacts with the human body?

A

non-ionizing

6
Q

Ionizing radiation produces ion when it interacts with ___, altering and destroying the cell processes and structures necessary for normal cell function in the human body.

A

matter

7
Q

A radiological __ device can spread radioactive material without a nuclear detonation.

A

dispersal

8
Q

Dirty bombs function by using conventional explosives to scatter radioactive source debris over a large area. T/F

A

False (scatter over a relatively small area)

9
Q

Nuclear weapons can be detonated at various altitudes, including subsurface, surface, airburst or high altitude. T/F

A

True

10
Q

Each type of nuclear burst has a different level of __ ratio in regard to ionizing radiation, thermal radiation, blast/shock and ballistic debris.

A

Hazard

11
Q

Toxic industrial material hazards consist of toxic industrial chemicals, biological and radiological material. What type of hazard do most of them present?

A

a vapor hazard

12
Q

Are a protective mask, ensemble and military standard collective protection filter designed to protect you from toxic industrial materials?

A

no

13
Q

What directs the proper individual protective postures in a Chemical, Biological, Radioligcal, and Nuclear (CBRN) environment?

A

Command and theater-specific instructions

14
Q

What is the best immediate protective equipment against chemical agents - regardless of the type of agent, concentration or method of attack?

A

the ground crew ensemble

15
Q

What is the ground crew ensemble?

A

A whole-body system that defends the wearer against chemical-biological warfare agents, toxins and radiogical particulate.

16
Q

What components comprise individual protection, such as the ground crew ensemble?

A
a protective mask with filters,
over-garments,
protective gloves and footwear, 
M8 and M9 detector paper
reactive skin, decontamination lotion, 
m296 decontamination kits
17
Q

Who issues nerve agent antidotes, pre-treatment and pyridostigmine bromide tablets during increased readiness?

A

medical representatives

18
Q

During or after a CBRN event, personnel may have to shelter-in place if the type or extent of the hazard is __ or evacuation would be dangerous.

A

unknown

19
Q

During a CBRN event, collective protection systems allow occupants to work or rest in the facility without wearing protective gear. T/F

A

true

20
Q

What are some of the CBRN preparedness actions that Airmen should know well before a CBRN attack?

A
  1. actions associated with alarm conditions
  2. MOPP
  3. split MOPP
  4. contamination control
21
Q

Why does the AF use a standardized alarm system and MOPP levels?

A

to communicate the appropriate defense posture for in-place forces to transition to wartime CBRN operations.

22
Q

What tactic allows the commander to divide an installation or operating location into two or more CBRN zones?

A

Split MOPP

23
Q

During split MOPP, what controls movement between one zone and another?

A

unit control centers

24
Q

A voice announcement indicates Alarm Green. What does it mean and what actions should be taken?

A

Attack is not probable.
MOPP 0
normal wartime conditions

25
Q

A voice announcement indicates Alarm Yellow. What does it mean and what actions should be taken?

A

Attack is probable in fewer than 30 minutes.
MOPP 2
protect and cover assets
seek protective shelther

26
Q

A waverng siren indicates Alarm Red. What does it mean and what actions should be taken?

A

Air attack is imminent or in progress.
seek immediate protection
MOPP 4
report observed attacks

27
Q

The bugle call “To Arms” indicates Alarm Red. What does it mean and what actions should be taken?

A
Attack by ground forces is imminent or in progress. 
immediate cover
MOPP 4
defending self and position
report activity
28
Q

A steady siren indicates Alarm Black. What does it mean and what actions should be taken?

A
Attack is over.
CBRN contamination and/pr unexploded ordnance are suspected or present.
MOPP 4
self aid or buddy care
remain under overhead cover
29
Q

Alarm signals and MOPP level changes come to the command pot from the Crisis Action Team. What are they based on?

A

The Emergency Operations Center’s recommendations

30
Q

What reporting method should use to immediately report attacks or enemy personnel movement up your chain of command?

A

The SALUTE reporting method.

31
Q

What information is contained in the SALUTE report?

A
Size
Activity
Location
Unit
Time
Equipment
32
Q

List 4 important actions to take while recovering from a CBRN attack?

A
  1. minimize personnel exposure to post-attack hazards
  2. treat causalities
  3. assess damage
  4. control contamination
33
Q

After a CBRN attack, the installation commander forwards unit survey information to the Emergency Operations Center. T/F

A

False. (the unit control center forwards it)

34
Q

The Emergency Operations Center is the primary Command and Control (C2) function for collecting and consolidating post-attack information. T/F

A

true

35
Q

What is the most effective method of chemical agent decontamination from the skin?

A

the reactive skin decontamination lotion and M295 decontamination kits

36
Q

How does the chemically contaminated object rule provide guidance for protecting personnel?

A

by specifying the type of individual protective equipment required.

37
Q

Protective measures are taken in stages equal to the urgency and nature of the threat. These measures include evacuation and exposure control. Name several other protective measures.

A

relocation
contamination control
warning and notification
sheltering in place