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Exam 3 A&P > Endocrine System Part 2 > Flashcards

Endocrine System Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two parts of the pituitary gland?

A

Adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis

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2
Q

What is the adenohypophysis?

A

Part of the pituitary gland that has a structure of an endocrine gland

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3
Q

What is nerohypophysis

A

Part of the pituitary gland that has structure of nervous tissue

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4
Q

Where is the pituitary gland found?

A

The pituitary gland lies buried deep in the cranial cavity, in the small depression of the sphenoid bone, the sella turcica

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5
Q

What part of the brain is the pituitary gland attached to?

A

Hypothalamus

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6
Q

Adenohypophysis is also known as the

A

Anterior pituitary gland

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7
Q

Neurohypophysis is also know as the

A

Posterior pituitary gland

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8
Q

How big is the pituitary gland?

A

Pea sized

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9
Q

Anterior pituitary gland hormones

A 
Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
Antinocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) 
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Growth Hormone (GH)
Prolactin (PRL)
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10
Q

Posterior Pituitary Gland Hormones

A 
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Oxytocin (OT)
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11
Q

Hypothalamus hormone production

A

ADH
Oxytocin
Releasing Hormones (RHs)
Inhibiting Hormones (IHs)

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12
Q

Where is the Thyroid gland located?

A

In the neck just below the larynx

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13
Q

Hormones released by the thyroid gland

A

Thyroxine (T4)
Triiodothyronine (T3)
Calcitonin (CT)

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14
Q

What is hypercalcemia

A

Harmful excess of calcium in the blood

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15
Q

Parathyroid Gland location

A

Usually four located on the back of the thyroid gland

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16
Q

Parathyroid hormones

A

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

17
Q

What does parathyroid hormone (PTH) do?

A

Increases the concentration of calcium in the blood

Stimulates osteoclasts

18
Q

What happens with too much calcium?

A

Person becomes mentally disturbed and heart may stop

19
Q

What happens with too little blood calcium

A

Nerve cells become overactive

20
Q

Thyroxine (T4)

A 
T4 Contains 4 iodine atoms
T3 contains 3 iodine atoms
T3 is the principle thyroid hormone 
Influence all the cells in the body
Make cells speed up their release of energy from foods
21
Q

What is different about thyroid glands

A

Stores considerable amount of thyroid hormones in the form of the colloid compound

22
Q

Calcitonin

A

Decreases the amount of calcium in the blood

23
Q

Releasing hormones (RHs) and Inhibiting hormones (IHs)

A

Produced in the hypothalamus and travel to the anterior pituitary gland where they cause the release of anti pituitary hormones

24
Q

Diabetes insipidus

A

A condition in which large volumes of urine are formed

25
Q

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

A

Accelerates the reabsorption of water from urine of water from urine in kidney tubules back into the blood.

26
Q

Oxytocin in the posterior pituitary gland

A

Secreted by a woman’s body before and after she has a baby

Stimulates contractions of the smooth muscles of the uterus

Believed to initiate and maintain labor

27
Q

Prolactin (PRL)

A

In women, stimulates breast development for lactation and stimulates breast secretion

28
Q

Hyperglycemia

A

Higher than normal blood glucose concentration

29
Q

Hypoglycemia

A

Lower than normal blood glucose concentration

30
Q

Growth Hormone (GH)

A

Speed up the movement of digested proteins out of the blood and into the cells and this accelerates cells anabolisms

31
Q

Anabolism

A

Build up

32
Q

Tropic hormones

A

Stimulates other endocrine glands

33
Q

Which tropic hormone stimulates the secretion of thyroid hormones,

A

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

34
Q

Which tropic hormone stimulates secretion of of adrenal cortex hormones

A

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

35
Q

Which tropic hormone stimulates development of ovarian follicles and secretion of estrogens?

A

Follicle Stimulating hormone (FSH)

36
Q

Which tropic hormone stimulates interstitial cells of the testes to secrete testosterone

A

Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

37
Q

Which tropic hormone stimulates seminiferous tubules of the testes to grow and produce sperm?

A

Follicle Stimulating Hormone

38
Q

Which tropic hormone stimulates the maturation of ovarian follicles and ovum; stimulates secretion of estrogen, triggers ovulation; stimulates development of corpus luteum in females

A

luteinizing Hormone (LH)

Exam 3 A&P (23 decks)

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