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Flashcards in ENDOCRINE Deck (18)
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1
Q

The endocrine system assist the nervous system in homeostasis and plays important role in

A

growth and sexual maturation

2
Q

the two systems endocrine and nervous meet at the

A

hypothalamus and pituitary gland

3
Q

What governs the pituitary?

A

hypothalamus

Controlled by the feedback of hormones in the body

4
Q

Which system has a longer-lasting widespread effect in the body

A

endocrine

5
Q

are chemical messengers that control the growth, differentiation, and metabolism of specific target cells

A

hormones

6
Q

Two major groups of hormones are

A

steroid and non steroid

7
Q

Steroid hormones

A

enter target cells and have a DIRECT effect on the DNA of the nucleus

8
Q

Nonsteroid hormones are

A

protein hormones

9
Q

Many protein hormones remain at the cell surface and act through a second messenger, usually a substance called

A

adenosine monosphate (AMP)

10
Q

Most hormones affect cell activity by

A

altering the rate of protein synthesis

11
Q

What is the main function of each gland?

A

to produce hormones

12
Q

What are the other organs that also produce hormones?

A

stomach, small intestine, and kidneys

13
Q

Cortisol

A

released from the adrenal cortex

reduces inflammation, raise blood sugar, and inhibit the release of histamine

14
Q

Pituitary gland

A

mater gland
connected to the hypothalamus by the infundibulum
anterior lobe (adenohypophysis) and posterior lobe (neurohypophysis)

15
Q

Hormones of the adenohypophysis are called

A

tropic hormones, because they act mainly on other endocrine glands

16
Q

The tropic hormones include:

A
Growth hormone (GH)
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Lutenizing hormone (LH)
17
Q

Hormones released from the posterior lobe include

A
oxytocin (labor hormone)
antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
18
Q

Other important endocrine glands include

A
thyroid
parathyroid
adrenals
pancreas
gonads