Elizabeth KQ5 Flashcards
Early reactions to the religious settlement !
For the first 10 years catholics were fine with it
She wasn’t strict at enforcing it as she was worried about rebellion
In the 1560s and 70s she started to get stricter
Recusancy
Where a catholic fails to follow the religious settlement and refuses to attend church
The fine was increased to £20 in 1581
Seminary priests
She had to increase the recusancy fines as seminary priests were catholic trained and tried to convert people to Catholicism
98 were put to death
Jesuits
Seminary priests who were part of the “society of Jesus” and wanted to destroy Protestantism, were prepared to be martyrs (die for religion)
Edward campion was one who disguised himself while trying to convert people. Arrested and tortured, killed in 1581 for treason
Mary QoS (part 1)
Was Elizabeth’s catholic cousin
Mother was Mary of guise from France who she was sent to live with for her safety
Married son of french king aged 15, he died soon after
Returned to protestant Scotland on 1561
Mary QoS (part 2)
Married Henry Stuart in 1565 and gave birth to James VI of Scotland/ James I of England
Henry was murdered in 1567
She then married James Hepburn who was accused of the murder
Imprisoned in loch leven castle in 1567 by Protestant lords, forced to give up the throne as they trusted her young Protestant son more
Mary QoS (part 3)
Escape from prison in 1567- Elizabeth was worried and didn’t know what to do
Worried about french/Spanish catholic invasions
Worried about upsetting Protestants if Mary was her heir
Worried about English catholics rebelling if she executed
Rebellion of the northern earls
1569- Thomas Percy and Charles Neville
Elizabeth refused to meet them
Neville, Percy and 4600 men went to Durham cathedral to rip up the English prayer book
Elizabeth’s army outnumbered the unplanned and non Spanish supported army
Percy and 800 more beheaded, Neville ran away to Belgium
Excommunication of Elizabeth
February 1570 pope pius V issued a papal bull saying that Elizabeth wasn’t part of the catholic religion and shouldn’t be queen
Effectively gave them permission to rebel against her
Parliament response to papal bull
Issued treason act in 1571
If you said Elizabeth wasn’t the rightful queen you would be punished
Issuing of papal bull would be punished
All catholic property was taken if the owner went abroad
Rodolfi plot plan
A florentine merchant and banker who settled in England
Mary queen of Scots, duke of Norfolk, Philip II, despes the Spanish ambassador and the pope were involved
Planned to land a Spanish army and help English catholics overthrow Elizabeth and make Mary queen
Happened in 1571
Ridolfi plot results
William Cecil and Francis walsingham discovered the plan after some of those involved were tortured and revealed the names of other members
Norfolk was sentenced to death for treason
Mary was kept in prison
Ridolfi and Despes were expelled from the country
Throckmorton plot 1583-84
Young English catholic, involved french catholic Forces
Plannned to free Mary
Under torture from her secret service, throckmorton revealed that the french duke of guise was planning to invade, adamant that Mary knew nothing.
Sentenced o death, Mary was banned from having visitors
Increasing threat 1584-85 (abroad)
William of orange, Dutch Protestant leader, shot by a catholic assassin, terrified her and advisors
Philip II gave orders for the construction of a large Spanish fleet to invade
Growing catholic threat (1584-85(local))
Catholic John Somerville attempted to assassinate her with a pistol, she and advisors were very scared
Bond of association said that parliament would severely punish her murderers
All Jesuit and seminary priests ordered to leave the country in 40 days
