Who is Philip 2 of Spain?
son of Charles V of spain, Catholic; married Mary 1 ; after Mary’s death, claimed the English
Who is Mary Stuart?
Catholic; Mary Queen of Scots; cousin of Elizabeth through Henry V11’s daughter, Margaret; executed following series of catholic plots
Who is Pius V?
Pope; issued a papal bull which declared Elizabeth 1 a heretic and released her subject from their loyal duty to her
Who is Francis Walsingham ?
Protestant; Secretary of state and member of the privy council; known as Elizabeths spymaster, he gained evidence to convict Mary Stuart of treason
Who is Matthew Parker ?
Elizabeth’s first Archbishop of Canterbury (1559-75)
Who is Edmund Grindal ?
Elizabeth’s second Archbishop of Canterbury, put under house arrest after refusing to act against prophesyings
Who is John Whitgift?
Elizabeth’s third Archbishop of Canterbury issues Three Articles- acknowledge Royal Supremacy, agree Common Book/39 Articles
Who is William of Orange
Protestant; leader of Dutch Revolt against Spanish rule; his assassination by Catholics led to fears of Catholic ploys in England to kill Elizabeth
When was the Act of Supremacy
1558
What was the Act of Supremacy
Removed the Pop as the Head of Church and declared Elizabeth was Supreme Governor of the Church
What is the Act of Uniformity?
Set out what form the English Church would take, including the re-establishment of the Book of Common Prayer, with a few modification
When is the Act of Uniformity?
1559
When did Mary QOS arrive in England?
1568
When was the Ridofi plot?
1571
When was the Treason Act?
1571
When was Strickland’s bill to reform the Book of Common Prayer?
1571
When did the Seminary priests arrive?
1574
What is Prophesying?
the Clergy come together to discuss the Bible
When was the Throckmorton plot?
Throckmorton Plot
When did parliament pas an Act against seminary priests and Jesuits?
1585
When was the Babington plot
1586
When was Mary QOS executed?
1587
What year did Cope’s ‘bill and book’ overturn the government of the Church?(bishops)
1587
When was the Spanish Armarda?
1588
What id the Divine Right of York ?
the belief that monarchs have been chosen by God and therefore it is sacrilege for the people to turn against their monarch and kill them
What is the York conference?
A meeting in york, following Mary QOS arrival in England, to decide if Mary should stand trial for killing her husband, Lord Damley
What is excommunication?
When the Pope declares a person is no longer a member of the Catholic Church; this removed the obligation on any Catholic to obey Elizabeth
What is casket letters?
Radical Puritans that believeElizabeth’s Church could not be reformed and so wanted to set up completely independent Church
What is St Bartholomew’s Day Massacre?
In Paris, French Catholics killed French Protestant (Huguenots) marked a new stage in the French Wars of Religion ; following the Ridofi Plot. This increased fears of a Catholic attack on Protestant in England.
What does presbyterians mean?
Wanted to replace the system of government in the english Church which focused on bishops.
What is rescusants?
Those who refuse to attend the new church; they had to pay a fine of one shilling a week which was not much for a rich person
Who were Jesuits?
Catholic priests; members of the society of Jesus ; trained in Europe they entered England to support Catholics and bring the country back to Catholicism
Who fled England upon the accession to the throne of the Catholic Mary Tudor (Mary I) in 1553
Walsingham
Who was Walsinghams daughter
Frances Walsingham
How much debt did Elizabeth inherit?
£227,000
What year did Liz have a surplus, and how much was it?
1584 she had a surplus of £300,000
when did Elizabeth die
1603
On Accession day what did people do?
Jousting and knights shown loyalty to the Virgin Queen
Who did she call frog
Alencon
What did she use the women of her privy chamber to gain?
Political gossip
What was Cope’s ‘bill and book’ demanding in 1887?
An end to the authority of the bishops.
When was Wentworth debate over freedom of speech
1576 and 1586
How many times did parliament meet in Elizabeth’s reign?
13 times
What was the role of parliament?
Give advice and pass laws
What was the Puritan choir?
Protestants who kept demanding change
when did cecil become a lord?
1571
What was the hierarchal order?
Queen
Privy council
Court
Parliament
What is purveyance
This was the right of the Court to buy commodities at a price they themselves set.
What is monopolies
What she ended up giving to people as rewards when she did not have much money after spanish war. Could set their own prices
What did monopoly did Elizabeth give the Earl of Essex
sweet wines
Who is The earl of Essex
John Dudleys step son, Robert Devereux
What was Cecil also known as?
Lord Burghley
Who is Thomas Sackville?
aka Lord Buckhurst. Joined Privy Council in 1571. Died 1599 as Lord Treasurer
why did liz meet with government in 1601
because they had a debt of 140,000 pounds and therefore need a grant of 300,000 pounds to fix it
What years do Liz get double subsidies?
1589 and 1593
What year did Elizabeth agree to investigate and deal with financial problems?
1593
Who sent Wentworth to the tower the second time? 1593
Privy council so queen did not have to act
What was the year where people kicked off over monopolies
1597
When was the The regulation of employment & Statute
Of
Artificers
1963
What is the The regulation of employment & Statute
Of
Artificers
Those under 30 and unmarried had to serve an employer who needed one.
7 year apprenticeships
What was the Alms act?
Distinguished between the idle and the deserving poor and said they were to receive help from the Poor rate.
When was the Alms act?
1563
When was the Act for the relief of the poor?
1576
What was the Act for the relief of the poor?
The able bodied poor were to be directed by the JPs to find work. Those who refused were to be sent to a house of correction.
Large towns had to provide resources to put the idle poor to work.
When was the Vagabonds Act?
1572
What was the vagabonds act?
Poor rate became compulsory.
Severe penalties were to be enacted against the poor aka whipping
What was the state food?
Bread
What happened for the first time in Newcastle for the first time in a century?
People were collapsing in the streets
How many % of people in Kent could not support themselves in 1598?
12
What did the Privy Council forbade due to the problems in the 1590s?
Export of grain, to keep fewer dogs and not to feed cattle peas
Between what years were there a run of disastrous harvests
1594-1598
What was sent out to enforce the quarantine of plague victims?
Book of Orders
What two grains increased in price sometimes more than wheat?
Oats and Rye
In what year was the Act for the Punishment of Rogues, Vagabonds and Sturdy Beggars passed?
1598
In which Act for the Relief of the Poor was the Poor Law made permanent?
1601
In what year did the Act for the Relief of the poor give licenses to beg?
1598 and 1601
Who dies in 1598?
William Cecil
How do the government punish beggars?
Whipping
What was intercepted by Walsingham in 1586 that sealed Mary’s death warrant?
A Letter
What was passed in 1583
Bond of Assosication
when did begging become illegal/forbidden
1598