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Functional Anatomy > Elbow, Wrist and Hand > Flashcards

Elbow, Wrist and Hand Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three joints within the joint caspule of the elbow?

A
  • Humeroulnar
  • Humeroradial
  • Proximal Radioulnar
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2
Q

In the anatomical position, which forearm bone is lateral and which is medial?

A
  • Radius is lateral (thumb side)

- Ulna is medial

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3
Q

At the elbow joint, which forearm bone is larger?

A

Ulna

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4
Q

At the wrist, which forearm bone is larger?

A

Radius

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5
Q

What type of joint is the Humeroulnar joint

A

Hinge Joint

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6
Q

What are the articulating surfaces for the Humeroulnar Joint?

A

Semilunar notch of the ulna and the trochlea of the humerus

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7
Q

What bony processes of the elbow limit the movement of the humeroulnar joint?

A

The coronoid process and olecranon process.

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8
Q

What’s the primary movement of the humeroulnar joint?

A

Elbow Flexion and Extension

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9
Q

What kind of joint is the Humeroradial Joint?

A

Gliding Joint (technically) but more accurately described as a restricted ball and socket

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10
Q

what are the articulating surfaces for the Humeroradial joint?

A

The Capitulum of the Humerus and the head of the Radius

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11
Q

What structure limits the movement of the humeroradial joint?

A

Annular Ligament

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12
Q

What are the articular surfaces of the proximal radioulnar joint?

A

Head of radius to the radial fossa/notch of the ulna

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13
Q

Define ‘carrying angle’ in relation to the position of the arm

A

The angle of abduction of the forearm relative to the humerus at the anatomical position

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14
Q

What is the purpose of the carrying angle of the forearm?

A

To allow the forearm to clear the pelvis

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15
Q

What is the carrying angle for men/women?

A

10-15 degrees for men, 20-25 for women

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16
Q

What are the three key ligaments for elbow stability?

A
  • Ulnar Collateral Ligament
  • Radial Collateral Ligament
  • Annular Ligament
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17
Q

What are the flexors of the elbow?

A
  • Biceps Brachii
  • Brachialis
  • Brachioradialis
  • Pronator Teres
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18
Q

What are the extensors of the elbow?

A
  • Triceps Brachii

- Anconeus

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19
Q

What are the supinators of the forearm?

A
  • Supinator

- Biceps Brachii

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20
Q

What are the pronators of the forearm

A
  • Pronator Teres

- Pronator Quadratus

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21
Q

What is the origin, insertion and action of the Brachialis?

A
  • O: Anterior Aspect of the Humerus Shaft
  • I: Coronoid process and ulnar tuberosity
  • A: Flexes elbow in all positions of the forearm
22
Q

What is the origin, insertion and action of the Biceps Brachii?

A
  • O: (Long) Supraglenoid tubercle and superior glenoid rim of the scapular (Short) Coracoid Process
  • I: Radial Tuberosity and Bicipital aponeurosis
  • A: Elbow Flexion, Shoulder Flexion, Supination
23
Q

What is the origin, insertion and action of the Brachioradialis?

A
  • O: Lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus
  • I: Styloid process of the radius
  • A: Flexes the elbow joint with a neutral forearm, supinates the radioulnar joint
24
Q

What is the origin, insertion and action of the Pronator Teres?

A
  • O: Common flexor tendon into the medial epicondyle of the humerus and the coronoid of the ulna
  • I: Lateral surface of the shaft of the radius
  • A: weak elbow flexor, strong pronator
25
Q

What is the origin of the long head of the triceps?

A

Infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

26
Q

What is the origin of the medial head of the triceps?

A

Medial shaft of the humerus

27
Q

What is the origin of the lateral head of the triceps?

A

Lateral shaft of the humerus

28
Q

What is the insertion of the triceps brachii?

A

Olecranon Process of the Ulna

29
Q

What is the action of the triceps brachii muscle?

A

Elbow Extension, Shoulder Extension, Inferior Glenohumeral stability

30
Q

What is the origin, insertion and action of the anconeus muscle?

A
  • O: Lateral Epicondyle of the Humerus
  • I: Shaft and Olecranon of the Ulna
  • A: Elbow Extension
31
Q

What is the origin, insertion and action of the Pronator Quadratus?

A
  • O: Oblique ridge of the shaft of the ulna
  • I: Anterior surface of the shaft of the radius
  • A: Forearm pronation
32
Q

What is the origin of the Supinator?

A
  • O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus, fossa and supinator crest of the ulna, radial collateral and annular ligaments
33
Q

What is the insertion of the Supinator?

A

Lateral surface of the shaft of the radius

34
Q

What type of joint is the distal radioulnar joint?

A

Pivot

35
Q

What type of joint is the radiocarpal joint?

A

Condyloid

36
Q

What are the articular surfaces of the radiocarpal joint?

A

Proximal row of carpals with the distal head of the radius

37
Q

What are the names of the carpal bones

A
  • Capitate
  • Hamate
  • Pisiform
  • Triquetrum
  • Lunate
  • Scaphoid
  • Trapezium
  • Trapezoid
38
Q

What is the midcarpal joint?

A

Articulation between the proximal and distal row of carpals

39
Q

What are the intercarpal joints?

A

articulations between individual carpal bones

40
Q

What type of joints are the midcarpal and Intercarpal joints?

A
  • Gliding Diarthrodial
41
Q

What type of joint is the Carpometacarpal joint?

A

Modified Saddle Joint

42
Q

How much movement is there in the different carpometacarpal joint?

A
  • Finger movement restricted due to ligaments but thumb movement highly mobile
43
Q

What are the articular surfaces of the metacarpophalangeal joints?

A

Metacarpals and proximal phalanx

44
Q

What type of joint is the metacarpophalangeal joint?

A

Condyloid

45
Q

What type of joint is the interphalangeal joint?

A

Hinge

46
Q

How many IP joints in the finger?

A

2 (Distal and Proximal)

47
Q

How many IP Joints in the thumb?

A

1

48
Q

What are the Wrist Flexors?

A
  • Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
  • Flexor Carpi Radialis
  • Palmaris Longus
  • Flexor Pollicis Longus
  • Flexor Digitorum Profundus
49
Q

What is the origin of all wrist flexors?

A

Medial Epicondyle of the Humerus

50
Q

What are the Wrist Extensors?

A
  • Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
  • Extensor Radialis Longus
  • Extensor Radialis Brevis
  • Extensor Digitorum
  • Pollicis Longus
51
Q

What are the radial deviator?

A
  • Extensor carpi radialis longus/brevis with Flexor carpi radialis
52
Q

What are the ulnar deviators?

A
  • Flexor carpi ulnaris with exensor carpi ulnaris

Functional Anatomy (8 decks)

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