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Flashcards in Elbow Powerpoint Deck (43)
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1
Q

Triangle Sign

A

Isosceles triangle made by medial epicondyle, lateral epicondyle, and olecranon process
-straight line when extended

2
Q

Cubital Fossa

A

Elbow crease

3
Q

Radial head is held to the ulna via

A

Annular ligament

4
Q

Flexion and Extension ROM

A

155-0 degrees

5
Q

Pronation and Supination ROM

A

90 degrees each

6
Q

Acute Injuries

A

Contusions, olecranon bursitis, elbow dislocation, supracondylar Fx, compartment syndrome, Volkmann’s contracture, olecranon Fx, radial head Fx, ligament injuries, EOD, OCD, etc.

7
Q

Contusions may lead to…

A

Acute bursitis

8
Q

Olecranon bursitis etiology

A

Direct blow to elbow

9
Q

S/s of olecranon bursitis

A

Pain, swelling, and point tenderness

10
Q

Management of olecranon bursitis

A

RICE and padding for return to play

11
Q

Etiology of elbow dislocation

A

FOOSH w/ elbow slightly flexed or severe twist while flexed

12
Q

Elbow dislocations typically occur in ??? direction

A

Posterior / posterior lateral

13
Q

Terrible triad of the elbow

A

Dislocation, radial head Fx, and coronoid process Fx

14
Q

S/s of elbow dislocation

A

Obvious deformity, swelling, severe pain, disability

15
Q

Management of elbow dislocation

A

NAV, immobilize, immediate referral

16
Q

Supracondylar Fx MOI

A

FOOSH w/ elbow extended

17
Q

Supracondylar Fx more common in

A

Skeletally immature individuals

18
Q

5P’s of compartment syndrome

A

Pain, pallor, paresthesia, paralysis, pulselessness

19
Q

S/s of forearm compartment syndrome

A

Swelling, hard and shiny arm

-medical emergency

20
Q

Etiology of Volkmann’s contracture

A

Ischemia

- can become permanent

21
Q

S/s of Volkmann’s contracture

A

Pain in forearm, passive extension of fingers, coldness in arm, decreased motion

22
Q

Management of Volkmann’s contracture

A

Remove elastic wrap or cast, monitor

23
Q

Olecranon Fx MOI

A

Direct blow

24
Q

Classification of olecranon Fx

A

Mayo classification

Three types

25
Q

Radial head Fx MOI

A

FOOSH

26
Q

Radial head Fx is common w/ what?

A

Elbow dislocation

- difficult to Dx

27
Q

Annular ligament sprain is also known as? Cause?

A

Nursemaid’s elbow - commonly caused by a jerk of a young child’s arm

28
Q

Elbow osteochondritis dissecans (EOD) etiology

A

Repetitive micro trauma, imparement of blood supply, degeneration of articular cartilage

29
Q

EOD common in

A

Young throwing athletes

30
Q

S/s of EOD

A

Sudden pain, locking; range usually returns in a few days, swelling/pain at radiohumeral joint

31
Q

OCD management

A

NSAID’s, splint and cast in case of extensive deterioration

32
Q

UCL Etiology

A

Repetitive valgus force

- one throw and a pop

33
Q

UCL Management

A

RICE, NSAID’s, reduce throws
OR
Surgery if needed

34
Q

What is used as a UCL graft?

A

Palmaris Longus

35
Q

Medial Epicondylitis etiology

A

Repeated wrist flexion/valgus torque

36
Q

S/s of medial epicondylitis

A

Pain w/ forceful flexion, point tenderness/mild swelling, passive movements hurt but not active

37
Q

Little league elbow is also known as…

A

Traction apophysitis of medial epicondyle

38
Q

Lateral epicondylitis is also known as…

A

Tennis elbow

39
Q

Tinel’s sign tests what nerves?

A

Ulnar, median, radial

40
Q

Pronator Teres Syndrome caused by

A

Entrapment of median nerve by pronator teres

- mistaken for carpal tunnel

41
Q

Anterior interosseous nerve syndrome is caused by

A

Entrapment under pronator teres

42
Q

Test for anterior interosseous nerve syndrome

A

Pinch grip test

43
Q

Carrying Angle

A

Males: 5-10 degrees
Females: 10-15 degrees