EKG (FINAL) Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in EKG (FINAL) Deck (25)
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1
Q

Define tachycardia

A
  • Rapid beating of the heart
  • Typically over 100 bpm
2
Q

Define fibrillation

A
  • Rapid, irregular, and unsynchronized contraction of the heart
3
Q

Define bradycardia

A
  • A slow heart rate
  • Typically a resting heart rate of under 60 bpm
4
Q

What are electrocardiograms also known as?

A

EKG

5
Q

What are electrocardiograms?

A

An electrocardiogram (EKG) is a graphic recording of the electrical changes of the cardiac cycle

6
Q

What do EKGs measure?

A
  • Electrical changes of the cardiac cycle consisting of:
    • Voltage
    • Time
7
Q

Describe the cellular structure of cardiac muscle

A
  • Cardiac muscle characterisitics
    • Striations
    • Branching
    • Intercalated dics
    • Involuntary
8
Q

What is the purpose of an EKG?

A

Diagnostic tool

9
Q

What do EKGs not measure?

A

EKGs do not measure blood flow

10
Q

What do EKGs use for recordings?

A

EKGs uses pairs of electrodes (leads)

11
Q

What are the purpose of an EKG’s leads/electrodes?

A

Look at the heart from different angles

12
Q

What are the controlling systems of the cardiac cycle?

A
13
Q

What type of junctions does the cardiac muslce have?

A

Gap junctions

14
Q

Define gap junction

A
  • Gap junction
    • _​_A junction between adjacent animal cells that allows the passage of materials between the cells
15
Q

How does the cardiac muscle cells exhibit automaticity?

A
  • The cardiac cell’s ability to s_pontaneously generate an electrical impulse_ (depolarize).
  • Cells that are dedicated to the purpose of generating an impulse to maintain a heart rate commensurate with the body’s need are called pacemaker cells.
16
Q

How does the myocardium function as a single unit?

A
  • Some cardiac muscle cells are self-excitable or autorhythmic.
    • These cells generate an action potential that spreads throughout the myocardium
    • Causing the heart to contract as a single unit
17
Q

What are the two controling systems for cardiac muscle?

A
  1. Autonomic nervous system
  2. Intrinsic conduction system (nodal system)
18
Q
A

Right Atrium

  • Recieves deoxygenated blood from the vena cavas
19
Q
A

Sinoatrial node (SA node)

  • “Pacemaker”
  • Located in the upper posterior wall of the right atrium
20
Q

What is the function of X?

A
  • Sinoatrial Node (SA Node)
    • ​Pacemaker
    • An electrical signal originates within the SA node
      • The electrical signal is called the action potential or the cardiac impulse
21
Q
A
  • Atrioventricular node (AV node)
    • Located in the floor of the right atrium, near the interatial septum
22
Q

What happens to the cardiac impulse at X?

A
  • Atrioventricular node (AV)
    • ​The cardiac impulse slows down as it moves through the AV node into the bundle of His
23
Q

Why is it important for the cardiac impulse to slow down as it moves through the AV node?

A
  • The slow movement delays ventricular activation
    • ​Allowing the relaxed ventricle to fill with blood during atrial contraction
24
Q
A

Purkinje Fibers

25
Q
A