Ecology Flashcards

1
Q

What are abiotic factors

A

Non living parts of an environment

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1
Q

Whales, trees and humans are ______ factors

A

Biotic factors

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2
Q

What are biotic factors

A

All living organisms found in an environment

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3
Q

Ocean currents, temperature and soil are ______ factors

A

Abiotic factors

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5
Q

What is ecology

A

The scientific study of interactions among organisms and their environment.

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6
Q

Food chains always start with __________

A

Producers

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7
Q

How can you estimate population size

A

By using quadrats at random points

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8
Q

Define: A habitat

A

The place where an organism lives

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9
Q

Define: A population

A

All the organisms of one species in a habitat

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10
Q

Define: A community

A

All the different species in a habitat

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11
Q

Define: An ecosystem

A

All the organisms living in a particular area and all the non-living conditions

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12
Q

What makes a producer a producer

A

They make their own food using energy from the sun

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13
Q

What are producers eaten by

A

Primary consumers

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14
Q

What are primary consumers eaten by

A

Secondary consumers

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15
Q

What are secondary consumers eaten by

A

Tertiary consumers

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16
Q

All organisms eventually die and get eaten by ______________

A

Decomposers

17
Q

What is each stage (producer, primary consumer, etc.) known as?

A

Trophic levels

18
Q

Describe a pyramid of numbers

A

Each trophic level represents the amount of organisms

Sometimes it’s not even a pyramid at all

19
Q

Describe a pyramid of biomass

A

Each trophic level represents the total biomass of all organisms in that level
Almost always a pyramid

20
Q

Describe a pyramid of energy

A

A pyramid of energy represents the amount of energy transferred to each trophic level in a food chain
Always a pyramid

21
Q

Why is most energy lost before being transferred

A

Some parts of food are indigestible
Lots of energy is used for respiration
Lots is lost as heat

22
Q

Which type of energy is transferred

A

Biomass. Energy which is stored or used for growth

23
Q

What do food webs do

A

Show are food chains are linked