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Week 3 (03-07) > DRUGS for Exam 1 > Flashcards

DRUGS for Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Acyclovir

A

Class: antiviral

Slows herpes simplex

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2
Q

Dacogen

A

Class: Antineoplastic

Treat blood or bone marrow cancer (Myelodysplastic)

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3
Q

Cytarabine

A

Class: Antineoplastic

  • Causes DNA damage and inhibits DNA polymerase activity
  • Non-specific chemotherapy
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4
Q

AZT

A

Class: Antiviral

  • causes chain termination due to no 3’ OH
  • HIV
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5
Q

Tenofovir

A

Class: Antiviral

  • causes chain termination due to no 3’ OH
  • HIV
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6
Q

Didanosine (DDL)

A

Class: Antiviral

  • causes chain termination due to no 3’ OH
  • HIV
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7
Q

Why do AZT and DDL work as HIV medication?

A

100-300 greater affinity for incorporation

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8
Q

Adenosine arabinoside (Vidarabine)

A

Class: Antineoplastic

  • causes DNA damage and inhibits DNA polymerase
  • Non-specific chemotherapy
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9
Q

Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)

A

Class: Antibiotic

  • Inhibits prokaryotic DNA gyrase
  • UTI or anthrax
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10
Q

Camptothecin (Camptosar)

A

Class: Antineoplastic

  • inhibits eukaryotic topoisomerase I
  • Non-specific chemotherapy
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11
Q

Etoposide

A

Class: Antineoplastic

- inhibits eukaryotic topoisomerase II

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12
Q

Actinomycin D

A

Class: Antineoplastic
- inhibits DNA replication by being between GC bases. Prevents strand separation, inhibits both replication and transcription

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13
Q

Side effects of Actinomycin D?

A

Bone marrow suppression, fatigue, hair loss, mouth ulcer, loss of appetite

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14
Q

Rifampin

A

Class: Antibiotic

  • inhibits transcription in prokaryotes by binding to RNA polymerase
  • Tb and leprosy
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15
Q

Side effects of Rifampin?

A

Turns urine, sweat and tears red/orange

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16
Q

Streptomycin

A

Class: Antibiotic

  • Binds to the 30s subunit, preventing assembly of prokaryotic ribosome
  • Tb
17
Q

Tetracycline

A

Class: Antibiotic

  • blocks elongation by preventing aminoacyl-tRNA access to the A site
  • Rocky mountain spotted fever, Lyme disease
18
Q

Erythromycin

A

Class: Antibiotic

  • Binds to the 50s subunit complete ribosome, blocking ribosome translocation
  • skin infection, chlamydia
19
Q

Chloramphenicol

A

Class: Antibiotic

  • inhibits prokaryotic peptidyl transferase and at high levels can inhibit Mitochondrial translation
  • meningitis, typhoid fever,
20
Q

Cycloheximide

A

Class: LAB USE ONLY

- inhibits eukaryotic peptidyl transferase

21
Q

Puromycin

A

Class: Antibiotic

  • causes premature termination of translation in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes
  • LAB USE ONLY
22
Q

Aspirin

A

Class: NSAID

  • Irreversible inhibits COX = no blood clotting
  • Pain and prevention of infarction
23
Q

Allopurinol

A

Class: Gout/RA drug

  • inhibits the production of uric acid
  • Gout
24
Q

Sulfamethoxale

A

Class: Antibiotic

  • competitively inhibit bacterial synthesis of folic acid
  • UTI, bronchitis, e coli
25
Q

Trimethoprim

A

Class: Antibiotic

  • inhibits dihydrofolate reductase
  • Bladder infections, otitis media (middle ear infection), travelers diarrhea
26
Q

Methotrexate

A

Class: Antineoplastic

  • inhibits dihydrofolate reductase in eukaryotes,
  • rheumatoid arthritis, cancer
27
Q

Mycophenolic acid (Myfortic)

A

Class: Anti-rejection

  • deprives T and B cells of key nucleic acid components
  • Prevent graft rejection
28
Q

Colchecine

A

Class: Gout/RA drug

  • microtubule inhibitor, inhibits migration of WBC to joints where uric acid is
  • Gout
29
Q

Hydroxyurea (Hydrea, Litalir, Droxia)

A

Class: Antineoplastic

  • stop transcription of cancer cells, prevents the conversion of dump to dtmp,
  • Melanoma, sickle cell = increase hemoglobin and decrease attacks
30
Q

Adrucil

A

Class: Antineoplastic

- interferes with the growth and spread of cancer

31
Q

Trifluorothymidine (Viroptic)

A

Class: Antiviral

  • Inhibits elongation during replication
  • herpes simplex of the eye
32
Q

Alpha-amanitin toxin

A

Class: Toxin
- Inhibits RNA polymerase II
- 4 phases (asymptomatic, GI response, apparent recovery, Hepatic phase – death in 7-10 days)
Treatment: Penicillin, liver transplant

33
Q

Taxol

A

Class: Cancer

  • interferes with depolymerization by stabilizing microtubules which block the G1 or M phase.
  • Cancer
34
Q

Cytochalasins

A

Class: Fungal product

- Blocks polymerization of actin, which can inhibit cell movement

Week 3 (03-07) (9 decks)

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