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Flashcards in DNA replication and enzymes Deck (19)
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1
Q

Step 1 Gyrase

A

gyrase relaxes supercoiling of DNA strand

2
Q

Step 2 helicase

A

seperates double strand into single strand creating replication fork- “unzips” the DNA

3
Q

step 3

A

single stranded bind proteins stabilize the split strands

4
Q

step 4 primase

A

places primers on both strands- made from RNA

5
Q

step 5 DNA polymerase

A

begins to copy DNA into daughter strands, proofreas and repairs DNA

6
Q

leading strand

A

continuous goes 5’ to 3’

7
Q

lagging strand

A

goes from 3’ to 5’, needs several primers, made up of Okazaki fragments

8
Q

Step 6 ligase

A

glues together DNA strands and Okazaki fragments

9
Q

endonuclease

A

cut DNA backbone in a strand of DNA, facilitate repair and insertions

10
Q

exonuclease

A

cut DNA from an exposed end of DNA, facilitates repair

11
Q

methylase

A

adds methyl group to selected bases in newly made DNA

12
Q

photolyase

A

uses visable light energy to seperate UV-induced pyrimidine dimers

13
Q

ribozyme

A

RNA enzyme that removes introns and splices exons together

14
Q

RNA polymerase

A

copies RNA from a DNA template

15
Q

RNA primase

A

An RNA polymerase that makes RNA primers from a DNA template

16
Q

snRNP

A

RNA protein complex that removes introns and splices exons together

17
Q

topolsomerase

A

seperates DNA circles at the end of DNA replication, relaxes supercoiling before replication fork

18
Q

transposase

A

cuts DNA backbone, leaving single stranded “sticky ends”

19
Q

mimic DNA replication

A

C-ar in the G-arage

A-pple in a T-ree