Dna Flashcards

1
Q

What does DNA stand for?

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid

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2
Q

Where is dna found?

A

In the nucleus of every cell

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3
Q

What is a chromosome?

A

A long molecule of dna

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4
Q

Is dna unique?

A

Yes everyone’s dna is unique except for identical twins and clones

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5
Q

How many chromosomes do humans have?

A

46

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6
Q

Where do chromosomes come from?

A

Half from each parent

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7
Q

What sections are chromosomes arranged in?

A

Genes

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8
Q

What are genes?

A

Short sections of the chromosomes which code for different characteristics

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9
Q

What does the code that genes have do?

A

The code makes a specific protein The protein determines the cell function
(Ie. The protein haemohlobin is found in a red blood cell and it binds oxygen to transport it around the body

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10
Q

What does the combination of genes mean?

A

It controls how the organism functions and what it looks like
(Ie. Dimples, blood group)

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11
Q

What is DNA made of

A

It is made from 2 strands twisted and joined together by based on either end to form a double helix shape

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12
Q

What is dna and why

A

Dna is a polymer as it is made of many small units joined together called nucleotides

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13
Q

What are the main components of nucleotides

A

The three main components of nucleotides are deoxyribose(sugar), phosphate group and a base

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14
Q

How many different types of nucleotides are there and what makes them different

A

There are 4 different types of nucleotides in DNA each containing a different base

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15
Q

How to the bases hold the 2 dna strands together?

A

By bonding with the complimentary base from the other strand

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16
Q

What are the complimentary bases

A

Adenine and thymine

Cytosine and guanine