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Flashcards in Diruetics Deck (21)
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1
Q

general way that diuretics work

A

preventing reabsorption of chloride and sodium

2
Q

adverse reactions for thiazides

A

hypercalcemia
hyperglycemia
hyperuricemia

3
Q

how many pounds is 1 L of fluid

A

2.2

4
Q

suggest what for people on a thiazide

A

sunscreen, can cause photosensitivity

5
Q

if pt is taking a thiazide and digoxin what should you do?

A

monitor for digitalis toxicity

6
Q

thiazines are potassium wasting diuretics

A

encourage patient to eat diet high in potassium, supplements may be ordered

7
Q

adverse reactions of loop diruetics

A

hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, hypochloremia

8
Q

how do osmotic diuretics work

A

increase sodium reabsorption, sodium, chloride and potassium are excreted but to a lesser degree

9
Q

signs and symptoms of hypokalemia

A

muscle weakness, abdominal distention, leg cramps, cardiac dysrhythmias

10
Q

hypokalemia can increase the risk for what type of toxicity?

A

digitalis

11
Q

furosimide can be taken with what?

A

food to prevent GI upset

12
Q

emphasize the importance of taking _____ with loop diuretics?

A

potassium supplements

13
Q

prototype potassium sparing diuretics

A

spirolactone

14
Q

monitor for what of spironolactone

A

hyperkalemia: nausea, diarrhea, abdominal cramping, numbness and tingiling of the hands, feet, legs cramps, tachycardia and later bradycardia , peaked narrow T wave, oliguria

15
Q

all patients should take diuretics what?

A

in the morning, prevents nocturia

16
Q

side effects of potassium sparing diuretics

A

rash, dizziness, GI upset

17
Q

evaluation of effectiveness of diuretics

A

decreased weight, decreased bp, decreased edema

18
Q

what are osmotic diuretics used for?

A

TBI, kidney failure, decrease intraocular pressure

19
Q

potassium sparing diruetics

A

spirolactone

20
Q

adverse effects of osmotic diruetics

A

pulmonary edema due to fluid shifts, nausea, vomiting, tachycardia from rapid fluid loss, acidosis

21
Q

potassium wasting diuretics

A

thiazides
osmotic
loop