Diaphragm, Kidneys & Post. Abdominal Wall Flashcards Preview

Spring-Anatomy Exam 2 > Diaphragm, Kidneys & Post. Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

Flashcards in Diaphragm, Kidneys & Post. Abdominal Wall Deck (28)
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1
Q

What are the 3 structures of the Diaphragm?

A
  • Vena Cava foramen T8
  • Esophageal Hiatus T10
  • Aortic Hiatus T12
2
Q

5 Ligaments of the diaphragm….

A
  1. 1-Median Arcuate ligament = Arched over the aorta.
  2. 2-Medial arcuate ligaments = arch over psoas muscles.
  3. 2-lateral arcuate ligaments = arch over quadratus lumborum muslces.
3
Q

What are the Vessels of the Diaphragm? (4)

A
  • Pericardiacophrenic & Superior phrenic arteries.
  • Inferior Phrenic artery
  • Musculophrenic artery

*Venous Drainage is via accompanying veins —-> IVC

4
Q

What does the Pericardiacophrenic & superior phrenic artery supply?

A

Superior surface of diaphragm

5
Q

What does inferior phrenic artery supply?

A

inferior surface of diaphragm

6
Q

What does Musculophrenic artery supply?

A

Periphery of diaphragm

7
Q

Where are the kidneys located?

A

Lateral to vertebral column T12-L3
(Sup. pole of L kidney at 11th rib)
Sup. pole of R kidney at 12th rib)

8
Q

Kidneys ascend from _____ during development.

A

From pelvis.

9
Q

Describe the internal structure of the kidney…

A

Fibrous capsule = -Renal cortex = outer 1/3
-Renal medulla = middle 2/3 (contains renal pyramids)

Renal papillae = receive apex of pyramids.

Minor calyces
Major calyces
Renal pelvis
Ureter

10
Q

Describe the vasculature of the kidneys…

A

Renal Arteries

  • R. is longer
  • R. Passes post to IVC

Renal Veins to IVC

  • Anterior to arteries
  • L is longer
  • Passes anterior to aorta
11
Q

List the pathway of urine…..

A

Renal papillae = receive tip of pyramids (urine)

  • to Minor calyces
  • to Major Calyces
  • to Renal pelvis
  • to Ureters
  • to Urinary bladder
  • to Urethra
12
Q

Draw the path of the ureters…

A

Good job!

13
Q

Describe the Vasculature of the Ureters…

A

Ureter Arteries from 3-4 sources:

  • renal arteries
  • Testicular or ovarian arteries
  • Abdominal aorta
  • internal iliac artery

*Veins of ureters drain into similarly named vessels.

14
Q

Function of the adrenal cortex is ….

A

Produces adrenal steroids (Outer adrenal gland)

15
Q

Function of the adrenal medulla is …

A

Portion that acts as sympathetic ganglion (Inner portion of adrenal gland)

16
Q

True or false, The adrenal gland is richly vascularized…

A

True, due to endocrine function!

17
Q

What is the vascular supply of the adrenal gland?

A

Suprarenal arteries = 3 sources.

  • Inferior phrenic artery
  • Middle Suprarenal arteries
  • Inf. Suprarenal arteries
18
Q

What are the 6 muscles that make up the Post. Abdominal wall musculature?

A
  • Transverse abdominus muscle
  • Quadratus lumborum muscle
  • Psoas Major muscle
  • Illiacus muscle
  • Psoas Minor muscle
  • Diaphram
19
Q

What is the arterial supply for the Posterior wall of abdomen?

A

Lumbar artery!

  • 4 pairs of arteries
  • Aorta bifucates at L4 (level of umbilicus)
20
Q

What are the nerves of the posterior wall?

A
  • Ventral rami T12-L4

- Lumbar plexus of nerves

21
Q

Describe the function of the Subcostal nerve…

A

(T12)

  • Supplies sensory to ant./Lat. abdominal wall.
  • Supplies motor to abdominal muscles: EO, IO, TA, pyramidalis, RA, QL.
22
Q

Function of the Iliohypogastric Nerve….

A

Supplies the skin of suprapubic region

*Also supplies abd. muscles

23
Q

Function of the Ilioinguinal nerve…

A

Runs thru inguinal call to supply it.

*also supplies abd. Muscles

24
Q

Describe the Genitofemoral nerve…

A
  • Pierces psoas major m.
  • descends along lateral surface
  • Splits to femoral branch and genital branch
  • supplies skin inf. & med, to inguinal ligament.
  • Supplies cremaster M.
25
Q

Tell me about the Lateral Femoral Cutaneous nerve…

A
  • Descends ant. to Iliac muscle.
  • Passes deep to inguinal ring
  • inferior to ASIS
  • Supplies ant./lat. skin of thigh.
26
Q

Tell me about the femoral nerve….

A
  • runs between iliac & psoas major muscles
  • passed deep to inguinal ligament
  • Inferior to ASIS
  • Supplies sensory and motor to ant. thigh.
27
Q

Describe the Obturator nerve…

A
  • Runs medial to psoas major muscles
  • Passes thru obturator foramen
  • Supplies sensory & motor to medial thigh
28
Q

Tell me about the Lumbosacral trunk…

A

(L4-L5)

  • large nerve trunk crosses over ala sacrum
  • descends into pelvis to form sacral plexus
  • provides general contributions to both plexuses.