What are the 3 structures of the Diaphragm?
- Vena Cava foramen T8
- Esophageal Hiatus T10
- Aortic Hiatus T12
5 Ligaments of the diaphragm….
- 1-Median Arcuate ligament = Arched over the aorta.
- 2-Medial arcuate ligaments = arch over psoas muscles.
- 2-lateral arcuate ligaments = arch over quadratus lumborum muslces.
What are the Vessels of the Diaphragm? (4)
- Pericardiacophrenic & Superior phrenic arteries.
- Inferior Phrenic artery
- Musculophrenic artery
*Venous Drainage is via accompanying veins —-> IVC
What does the Pericardiacophrenic & superior phrenic artery supply?
Superior surface of diaphragm
What does inferior phrenic artery supply?
inferior surface of diaphragm
What does Musculophrenic artery supply?
Periphery of diaphragm
Where are the kidneys located?
Lateral to vertebral column T12-L3
(Sup. pole of L kidney at 11th rib)
Sup. pole of R kidney at 12th rib)
Kidneys ascend from _____ during development.
From pelvis.
Describe the internal structure of the kidney…
Fibrous capsule = -Renal cortex = outer 1/3
-Renal medulla = middle 2/3 (contains renal pyramids)
Renal papillae = receive apex of pyramids.
Minor calyces
Major calyces
Renal pelvis
Ureter
Describe the vasculature of the kidneys…
Renal Arteries
- R. is longer
- R. Passes post to IVC
Renal Veins to IVC
- Anterior to arteries
- L is longer
- Passes anterior to aorta
List the pathway of urine…..
Renal papillae = receive tip of pyramids (urine)
- to Minor calyces
- to Major Calyces
- to Renal pelvis
- to Ureters
- to Urinary bladder
- to Urethra
Draw the path of the ureters…
Good job!
Describe the Vasculature of the Ureters…
Ureter Arteries from 3-4 sources:
- renal arteries
- Testicular or ovarian arteries
- Abdominal aorta
- internal iliac artery
*Veins of ureters drain into similarly named vessels.
Function of the adrenal cortex is ….
Produces adrenal steroids (Outer adrenal gland)
Function of the adrenal medulla is …
Portion that acts as sympathetic ganglion (Inner portion of adrenal gland)
True or false, The adrenal gland is richly vascularized…
True, due to endocrine function!
What is the vascular supply of the adrenal gland?
Suprarenal arteries = 3 sources.
- Inferior phrenic artery
- Middle Suprarenal arteries
- Inf. Suprarenal arteries
What are the 6 muscles that make up the Post. Abdominal wall musculature?
- Transverse abdominus muscle
- Quadratus lumborum muscle
- Psoas Major muscle
- Illiacus muscle
- Psoas Minor muscle
- Diaphram
What is the arterial supply for the Posterior wall of abdomen?
Lumbar artery!
- 4 pairs of arteries
- Aorta bifucates at L4 (level of umbilicus)
What are the nerves of the posterior wall?
- Ventral rami T12-L4
- Lumbar plexus of nerves
Describe the function of the Subcostal nerve…
(T12)
- Supplies sensory to ant./Lat. abdominal wall.
- Supplies motor to abdominal muscles: EO, IO, TA, pyramidalis, RA, QL.
Function of the Iliohypogastric Nerve….
Supplies the skin of suprapubic region
*Also supplies abd. muscles
Function of the Ilioinguinal nerve…
Runs thru inguinal call to supply it.
*also supplies abd. Muscles
Describe the Genitofemoral nerve…
- Pierces psoas major m.
- descends along lateral surface
- Splits to femoral branch and genital branch
- supplies skin inf. & med, to inguinal ligament.
- Supplies cremaster M.
Tell me about the Lateral Femoral Cutaneous nerve…
- Descends ant. to Iliac muscle.
- Passes deep to inguinal ring
- inferior to ASIS
- Supplies ant./lat. skin of thigh.
Tell me about the femoral nerve….
- runs between iliac & psoas major muscles
- passed deep to inguinal ligament
- Inferior to ASIS
- Supplies sensory and motor to ant. thigh.
Describe the Obturator nerve…
- Runs medial to psoas major muscles
- Passes thru obturator foramen
- Supplies sensory & motor to medial thigh
Tell me about the Lumbosacral trunk…
(L4-L5)
- large nerve trunk crosses over ala sacrum
- descends into pelvis to form sacral plexus
- provides general contributions to both plexuses.