Diabetes Exam Flashcards Preview

Tulane Dietetic Internship > Diabetes Exam > Flashcards

Flashcards in Diabetes Exam Deck (26)
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1
Q

DM meds that increases insulin secretion

A
  1. Sulfonylureas
  2. Meglitinides
  3. GLP-1 receptor antagonist
  4. DPP-4 Inhibitor
2
Q

DM meds that improves insulin sensitivity (glucose transport) and decrease insulin resistance

A
  1. Biguanides (Metformin)

2. Thiazolidinediones

3
Q

DM meds that restore/replicate incretin and increase insulin secretion and suppress glucagon secretion.

A
  1. GLP-1 Agonist
  2. DPP-4 inhibitors
  3. Incretin mimetics
4
Q

DM meds that decrease the absorption of glucose.

A
  1. Alpha-glucosidase Inhibitors
5
Q

Which medications can cause hypoglycemia?

A
  1. Meglitinides
  2. Sulfonylureas
  3. GLP-I Analogs
  4. D-phenylalanine
6
Q

Which medications cause GI upset?

A
  1. AGI –> flatulence, diarrhea

2. Biguanides –> D/N, bloating, flatulence, lactic acidosis, anorexia

7
Q

Which medications can cause weight gain?

A
  1. Sulfonylureas
  2. Meglitinides
  3. D-phenylalanine
8
Q

Rapid acting insulin info.

A

Onset: 5-15 mins
Peak: 30-90 mins
Duration: 4-6 hours

9
Q

Short acting (regular) insulin

A

Onset: 30-60 mins
Peak: 2-3 hours
Duration: 5-8 hours

10
Q

Intermediate/NPH

A

Onset: 2-4 hours
Peaks: 4-10 hours
Duration: 10-16 hours

11
Q

Long-acting insulin: Lantus

A

Onset: 2-4 hours
Peaks: NONE
Duration: 20-24 hours

12
Q

Long-acting insulin: Levemir

A

Onset 3-8 hours
Peaks: NONE
Duration: 5.7-23.2 hours

13
Q

Side effects: Alpha-glucosidase Inhibitor

A

Flatuence, diarrhea

14
Q

Side effects: Biguanides

A

Diarrhea, nausea, bloating, anorexia, flatulence, lactic acidosis

15
Q

Side effects: Meglitinides

A

hypoglycemia, wt gain, upset stomach

16
Q

Side effects: Sulfonylurea

A

hypoglycemia, Wt gain

17
Q

Side effects: Thiazolidinediones

A

anemia, birth control will not work well, bladder cancer

18
Q

Side effects: D-phenylalanine

A

Hypoglycemia, wt gain

19
Q

Side effects: GLP-1 Analogs

A

nausea, headaches, hypoglycemia

20
Q

Which medications cause GI issues?

A

Biguanides, AGIs, GLP-1 analogs, Meglitinides

21
Q

What 4 things does Incretin Mimetics do?

A
  1. Increases production of insulin
  2. Decreases glucose produced by the liver
  3. Decreases gastric emptying
  4. Decreases appetite which can help people lose wt
22
Q

What does metformin do?

A
  1. Decrease glucose produced by the liver
  2. Increases insulin sensitivity
  3. Decrease absorption of CHO you consume
23
Q

Helps to decrease the amount of glucose made by the liver:

A
  1. Amylin mimetic
  2. Biguanide
  3. DPP-4 inhibitors
  4. Thiazolidinediones
  5. GLP-1 receptor agonists
  6. Insulin
24
Q

Helps your pancreas to make more insulin (secretion):

A
  1. DPP-4 Inhibtors
  2. Meglitinides
  3. Sulfonylureas
  4. GLP-1 receptor agonists
25
Q

Helps to improve the way that insulin works in your muscles (sensitivity):

A
  1. Biguanides

2. Thiazolidinediones

26
Q

Helps to slow down the break down of starches/of food in your stomach and intestine:

A

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor/Amylin mimetics and GLP-1 receptor agonists