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LG-DB GCSE Psychology > Development of Personality > Flashcards

Flashcards in Development of Personality Deck (16)
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1
Q

What three temperaments did Thomas suggest as a result of his 1997 study?

A

Easy, difficult and slow-to-warm-up temperaments

2
Q

Define temperament

A

Our inborn personality traits

3
Q

Define personality

A

Personality is what defines us as a person. The way we think, interact with others and behave are all individual to us.

4
Q

Whose study identified four basic traits of temperament evident in children and what were they?

A

Buss and Plomin (1984)

Emotionality, activity, sociability and impulsivity

5
Q

What trait did Kagan and Snidman (1991) propose came about to due an overactive amygdala?

A

Shyness/nervousness

6
Q

What were the three important personality traits Eysenck suggested (1952)?

A

Extroversion
Introversion
Neuroticism

7
Q

What behaviours would an extroverted person demonstrate?

A

Outgoing nature, high level of activity within a person (e.g. longing for excitement)

8
Q

What behaviours would an introverted person demonstrate?

A

Doing things on their own, dislikes crowds, prefers quiet to excitement

9
Q

What personality type would demonstrate a nature full of guilt, anxiety and worry?

A

Neurotic

10
Q

Define antisocial personality disorder (APD)

A

A pattern of disregard for and violation of rights of others

11
Q

If a child has APD, will they ‘grow out of it’?

A

No. It usually begins in childhood or early adulthood and continues into adulthood.

12
Q

Provide three examples of behaviours required for a diagnosis of APD

A
Failure to conform to social norms with respect to lawful behaviours
Deceitfulness
Irritability or aggressiveness
Lack of remorse
Failure to plan ahead
13
Q

What risk factors for APD were suggested as a result of Farrington’s 1995 study?

A

Convicted parent
Belonging to a large family
Being of low intelligence
Child-rearing factors (e.g. young mother and disrupted family)

14
Q

Farrington’s 1995 study used a large sample—411 cases. Does the make it representative?

A

No. Only males from south London were used and so it cannot be generalised to people living in different areas or females.

15
Q

Did Raine (2000) suggest that APD was genetic/biological or environmental?

A

Genetic/biological

16
Q

Whose 2000 study had a sample of 41 murderers from California? Was this representative?

A

Raine (2000). No, it was not and findings could not be generalized.