Development of Male Reproductive System

Question 0

Which end of the mesonephric duct will be induced to form male reproductive structures?

Answer 0

Cranial

Question 1

A portion of which duct forms a ureter in both sexes and induces kidney formation?

Answer 1

Mesonephric duct

Question 2

The _____ migrate toward midline and fuse to form a portion of the vagina, uterus, and uterine tubes.

Answer 2

paramesonephric ducts

Question 3

What are the three embryonic functions of Sertoli cells?

Answer 3

block gametogenesis, produce AMH to suppress development of paramesonephric ducts, induce formation of leydig cells which produce testosterone

Question 4

______ only has a role on male internal reproductive structures.

Answer 4

testosterone

Question 5

Which enzyme produces DHT from testosterone?

Answer 5

alpha reductase

Question 6

What is the role of DHT?

Answer 6

induction of male external reproductive structures

Question 7

What factor induces female internal and external reproductive structures?

Answer 7

estrogen

Question 8

Under the influence of testosterone, the mesonephric ducts develop a connection with the ______, which is lined by ____ cells.

Answer 8

testis cords lined by Sertoli cells –> linkage of the future seminiferous tubules

Question 9

What structures are derived from the mesonephric ducts?

Answer 9

efferent ductules, ductus epididymis, ductus deferences, seminal gland/vesicle, ejaculatory duct

Question 10

The ____ is the union of the ductus deferens and the duct of the seminal vesicle.

Answer 10

Ejaculatory duct

Question 11

The ejaculatory duct drains into the _____.

Answer 11

prostatic urethra

Question 12

The lining of the lower portion of the gut tube, the prostate, and the bladder are produced from _____.

Answer 12

endoderm

Question 13

The prostate and the bulbourethral glands are induced by _____.

Answer 13

DHT

Question 14

The ductus deferens must traverse what structure after the descent of the testicles?

Answer 14

Inguinal canal

Question 15

The ductus deferens passes over what structure behind the bladder?

Answer 15

ureter

Question 16

The prostate sits on what support structure?

Answer 16

urogenital diaphragm

Question 17

Labioscrotal swellings have what fate?

Answer 17

females - connective tissue; males - where testes descend into

Question 18

Genital swellings and urogenital folds migrate to the midline and fuse completely forming what structure?

Answer 18

ventral surface of penis

Question 19

The ductus deferens passes medial/lateral to seminal vesicle on its approach to the prostatic urethra.

Answer 19

medial

Question 20

The only place in males/females where there is a skeletal muscle sphincter controlling reproductive function.

Answer 20

urogenital diaphragm which supports prostate

Question 21

What structure leads the testis through the inguinal canal?

Answer 21

gubernaculum

Question 22

At what point are testis typically done descending?

Answer 22

by birth

Question 23

How many layers does the gubernaculum traverse?

Answer 23

3 of 4 layers of abdominal wall

Question 24

An outpocketing of the parietal peritoneum that has 2 layers and which provides a friction free path for the descent of the testis is called what?

Answer 24

processus vaginalis

Question 25

The _____ end of the processus vaginals remains patent and forms the ______.

Answer 25

distal –> tunica vaginalis –> allows modulation of testis distance from body for temperature regulation

Question 26

T/F Testosterone masculinizes the brain.

Answer 26

T

Question 27

At puberty a new population of _____ cells restart gametogenesis in males.

Answer 27

leydig cells

Question 28

In the absence of testosterone, mesonephric ducts degenerate to form ______.

Answer 28

ducts of gartner

Question 29

Effect of adrenal cortex hyperplasia?

Answer 29

clitoral enlargement in females due to androgen excess –> intersex

Question 30

Incomplete fusion of the paramesonephric ducts results in ______.

Answer 30

bicorniate uterus

Question 31

A defect in alpha reductase results in _______.

Answer 31

stunted growth of external genitalia & prostate of male

Question 32

A mutation in the androgen receptor in males may result in ______.

Answer 32

no male internal reproductive structures, female external reproductive structures, and normal testes-> androgen insensitivity syndrome

Question 33

Features of androgen insensitivity syndrome.

Answer 33

no male internal reproductive structures, female external reproductive structures, and normal testes, bilateral inguinal hernias and amenorrhea

Question 34

Bilateral inguinal hernias in a female suggest what?

Answer 34

testes attempt to descend through abdominopelvic cavity into a non-existent scrotum

Question 35

If paramesonephric ducts don’t form, what clinical feature is present?

Answer 35

amenorrhea