Development of Gender Identification Flashcards
Differentiate the terms sex and gender.
- Sex: refers to biological and physical characteristics
* Gender: social characteristics often determined by culture
What are some good resources for parents of children with disorders of sex development?
The aboutkidshealth website has some good resources for parents.
Children typically become conscious of physical gender differences around ______________.
age two
Most children label themselves as male or female by what age?
Three years
In general, girls become better at ____________ in same-sex dyads, while boys become better at ____________.
influencing one another; following an agreed-upon structure
Although there are statistical differences between male and female abilities in terms of abilities, generally _________________.
the difference is not very meaningful
The actual differences between ____________ is very small.
brains of women and men
When someone matures determines risk for _________________.
depression, substance abuse, anxiety, eating disorders, and disruptive behavior
Sociocultural factors likely account for about ______ of the five-year difference between the life expectancy of men and women.
four years
This includes less frequent contact with healthcare providers, risk taking, and skipping health screens.
More than __________ of children have engaged in some kind of sexual behavior before their thirteenth birthday.
50 percent
Children usually develop the ability to have gender stability, constancy, and consistency. What are those?
- Stability: the knowledge that one’s own gender stays the same across the lifespan
- Constancy: the belief that one’s gender is fixed (i.e., it cannot change)
- Consistency: gender is invariant despite differences in dress or appearance
By twelve months of age, children will _______________.
look to a male face when they hear a male voice and a female face when they hear a female voice
Which comes first, gender self-labeling or other-labeling?
Other-labeling
Which parent is typically more likely to stereotype based on gender?
Father
What are some criticisms of Kohlberg’s theory of gender development?
He posited that we integrate ideas and sensations toward a sense of gender constancy. Research indicates that children display gender-specific behavior prior to believing that their genders are constant, though.
