Designing Behaviour Change Interventions Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Designing Behaviour Change Interventions Deck (29)
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1
Q

If we didn’t do behaviours which undermine our health, what % of cancers would be ‘preventable’..

A

40%

2
Q

Give an example of a positve health behaviour

A
  • Seeking consultation
  • eating healthily
  • Giving up smoking
  • Exercising
3
Q
  • Screening uptake
  • Early symptom reporting
  • Adherence to medical advice
  • Maintenance of behaviour change

What are these an example of?

A

Positive patient health behaviours

4
Q

What are some positive health professional behaviours

A
  • Persuasive communication and interaction
  • Appropriate advice and follow up
  • Continuing professional development
  • Implementation of evidence-based practice
  • Adherence to best practice guidelines
5
Q

Changing people’s behaviour is difficult but can be done.

What types of things are targeted in these interventions?

A
  • social influences
  • environmental cues
  • attitudes and beliefs
  • past behaviour
  • habits and routines
  • organisational structures (rules and regulations).
6
Q

What did Johnson et al. (2010) find when looking at behaviour change interventions?

A
  • Synthesis of 62 meta-analyses (1,011 primary evaluations)
  • Interventions targeting:
    • Eating, physical activity, sexual behaviour, addictive behaviours, stress management, screening for women and use of health services.
  • Targeting women & older people – more effective
  • Shorter interventions – more effective
  • Heterogeneity of small/ medium effect sizes ds = .08 - .45
7
Q

What is this

A

The Medical Research Council Framework for complex intervention development

8
Q

What do the NICE guidelines suggest are important for developing a BCT intervention?

A
  • Understand the behaviour(s) you are trying to change
  • Use a framework that helps you identify the types of intervention strategies that are likely to be effective
  • Take into account the perspectives of the people who will be using the intervention, those both those on the receiving and delivery-end.
  • Target multiple systems to be most effective
9
Q

Give two types of intervention which can be used to target behaviour change

A
  • Intervention mapping
  • Behaviour Change Wheel and COM-B model
  • Person Based Approach
  • CeHRes Roadmap
  • 6SQuID
10
Q

What are the 4 key steps of any intervention framework?

A
  1. Identifying target behaviour
  2. Influences on behaviour- modifiable or not?
  3. Logic model of the problem
  4. Take into account all the levels or systems from which behaviour is influenced
    1. Social-Ecological Model
11
Q

Describe the 6 stages of intervention mapping as a BC technique

A
  1. Needs Assessment (what is the problem)
  2. Logic Model of Change (What is the behavioural outcome)
  3. Problem Design (how changes are to be achieved)
  4. Program Production (producing materials and structure)
  5. Implementation (what needs to change to implement the intervention)
  6. Evaluation (what does effective mean?)
12
Q

What does the logic model assess?

A

Logic Model

  • Impact?
  • Ease to facilitate change?
  • What is preferred, acceptable, cost?
  • Does it affect other behaviours or people?
13
Q

How can we identify what’s most important to change to get to the desired outcome

A

Evidence/Qualitative Interviews/Stakeholder Consultations with end-users/deliverers

14
Q

What is a logic model

A

A step-by-step diagram which simply summarises what you are hoping to achieve, and the processes involved in achieving that.

15
Q

What is this?

A

A logic model example

16
Q

What does this show

A

An example logic model for heart failure

17
Q

What did Greaves 2016 identify as the two main barriers for HF patients participating in exercise?

A
  • Understanding the condition (i.e. knowing its safe to participate in exercise)
  • Lists/Reminders (Forgetting medication at certain times)
18
Q

What is this

A

An example of the COM-B model

19
Q

Does changing cognition relate to health-related behaviour and motivation change?

A

Yes, if cognition change is effective, small to medium effect sizes are found for motivation and behaviour.

20
Q

What is the Intention-Behaviour Gap

A

Intention-Behaviour Gap Size of effect on intention is not fully translated in effect on behaviour

21
Q

What is this

A

Reflective Impulsive Model

22
Q

What does the reflective impulsive model suggest an addiction/habit is?

A

Addiction/Habit – as a Failure of Regulation due to Conditioning Over Time

23
Q

What does impulsive control state

A

Impulsive control means that behaviour is often initiated and sustained with little conscious monitoring.

24
Q

How does a habit form

A
  • Repeated associations between
    • (1) cue and behaviour
    • (2) behaviour and reward (physiological and emotional)
  • Results in automatic impulsive responses (“conditioning”)
    • cognitive (what we think)
    • affective (what we feel)
    • behavioural (what we do).
  • Cues (“stimuli”)
    • prompt automatic responses & behaviour
    • without decisions
    • so behaviour may conflict with and override what we had intended.
25
Q

Why does Theory Based Intervention Design suggest that Interventions must be mechanism-based, but not necessarily based on any one particular theory.

A

Psychological theories can be limited in the regulatory mechanisms they specify.

So interventions based on single theories may omit regulatory processes important to real world health-relevant, behaviour patterns. overlook variances between individuals.

Intervention design must be mechanism-based but not necessarily based on any one particular theory.

26
Q

Give 4 BCTs

A
27
Q

How were the BCTs decided (Michie 2013)

A

Delphi-type exercise where 14 experts rated labels and definitions of 124 techniques from 6 published classifications. Another 18 experts grouped the BCTs in a hierarchical structure.

Results: 93 BCTs in, 16 Categories

28
Q

2 examples of Implementation Intentions

A
  • If then planning
    • Engage the reflective system automatically
    • Initiate the automatic activation of alternative action
  • Initiation Training
    • Automatically engage inhibitory control
    • Devaluation of reward
  • Dynamic Noise
    • Prevent craving imagery
29
Q

What is a feasibility study

A

an assessment of the practicality of a proposed plan or method

  • Feasibility –> back to development
  • Trial 2 –> back to development etc.
  • Qualitative interviews to understanding what’s working well or not