Current UK Healthy Eating and Physical Activity Advice Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Current UK Healthy Eating and Physical Activity Advice Deck (19)
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1
Q

What are the diseases that are associated with diet?

A

Obesity

Diabetes

CVD

Cancer

Dental diseases

Osteoporosis

2
Q

What waist circumference is associated with increased risk of metabolic complications?

A

Waist circumference greater than or equal to 102 cm in men and 88cm in women

3
Q

What is the recomendation for exercise?

A

•A total of 1h/d of moderate-intensity activity, such as walking on most days of the week, is probably needed to maintain a healthy body weight”

4
Q

How can we reduce total energy intake?

A

Lower consumption of energy dense foods (high in fats sugars and starch)

Higher intake of energy dilute foods (non-starch polysacharides -also konwn as fibre)

5
Q

What are the types of non-starch polysaccharides?

A

Fibre or non starch polysaccharide (NSP) is not absorbed by the body but is needed to help maintain a healthy digestive system. There are two types of fibre:

Soluble fibre - found in fruit, vegetables, pulses and oats. It helps to reduce blood cholesterol.

Insoluble fibre - found in cereal such as bread and pasta. It helps to stimulate the digestive system.

6
Q

Ways to increase and decrease risk of diabetes?

A
7
Q

Ways to increase and decrease risk of cardiovascular disease?

A
8
Q

What factors can influence nutrient requirements in individuals?

A

Age, sex, body size

Physiological state (e.g. infection)

Digestion & absorption

Nutrient losses (e.g. Fe & menstruation)

Lifestyle (smoking, exercise, exposure to sunlight)

Interactions between nutrients

Drug-nutrient interactions

9
Q

What percent of your diet should come from free sugars?

A

Should not exceed 5% of total dietart energy

10
Q

How much of your dietary energy should come from carbohydrates?

A

50%

11
Q

How much fibre should adults eat per day?

A

§Dietary fibre for adults should increase to 30g/day

12
Q

What way has the food standards agency altered food labelling?

A

Traffic light labelling

  • Provides information about the nutritional content of their products on the packaging.
  • Consumers can see at a glance if the product is high, medium or low in fat, saturated fats, sugars & salt
13
Q

What conditions have a reduced incidence when the patient engages in regular activity?

A

Cardiovascular disease, obesity and type 2 diabetes

Colon cancer

Breast cancer

Physical activity is also associated with better health and cognitive function

Can reduce the risk of falls in those with mobility problems

14
Q

What are the physiological outcomes for increasing activity?

In terms of energy expenditure and physical fitness

A

Energy expenditure:

Basal metabolic rate increase

Thermogenesis

Activity-related energy expenditure

Physical Fitness:

Cardiorespiratory

Muscular fitness

Flexibility

Balance

Body composition

15
Q

What are the guidelines for exercise?

A

Every week:

150 mins moderate activity

AND

Strength exercises on two or more days a week that work all the major muscles

OR

75 minutes vigourous aerobic activity

AND

Strength exercises on two or more days a week that work all the major muscles

OR

Mixture

+

Strength exercises on two or more days a week that work all the major muscles

Moderate aerobic activity = cycling, fast walking

Vigorous aerobic activity = Running, tennis

16
Q

Why is the number of people with diabetes estimated to be 5 million in 2025? It is currently sitting at around 2.9 million

A

Most of the cases will be type 2 diabetes, this is because of the ageing population and the rapidly rising numbers of overweight and obese people

17
Q

What dietary factors increase and decrease risk of dental erosion?

A
18
Q

What are the dietary factors that increase / decrease risk of osteoporotic fractures?

A
19
Q
A