culture: counseling various cultural groups Flashcards

1
Q

six major racial groups in US:

A
African Americans,
Arab Americans, 
Asian Americans, 
European Americans, 
Latin Americans, 
Native Americans
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

one drop rule

A

A hierarchical social system that implied being Black was unfortunate, and as a result those possessing one drop of Black blood were labeled as Black and of a lower social status.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Jim Crow laws

A

Laws, enacted after slavery ended in 1865, that sought to maintain separate and unequal social and economic situations for Blacks.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

model minority myth

A

The common perception that Asian Americans have excelled in U.S. society and experience few difficulties in relation to adjustment. The myth perpetuates the notion that Asian Americans no longer experience discrimination and thus no longer need social services.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

filial piety

A

A cultural value commonly endorsed by Asian Americans whereby the needs of an individual are often secondary to those of the family (especially to parents and elders).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

saving face

A

A cultural value commonly endorsed by Asian Americans whereby an individual’s behaviors are seen as being reflective of the family and thus one should protect the honor of the family.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

acculturative stress

A

The cognitive and affective consequences associated with leaving one’s own country and entering a host country. Individuals with acculturative stress have to adapt to the values, norms, and behaviors of a new culture and lose some of their cultural identity in the process.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

familismo

A

A value commonly endorsed by Latin Americans that refers to a strong connection to extended families. This value reflects the collectivist nature of this cultural group.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

personalismo

A

A value in the Latino culture that refers to the importance of having compassion and caring for those in the community

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

machismo

A

A traditional Latin American gender role, in which males are competitive, powerful, and decision makers and breadwinners for the family.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

marianismo

A

A traditional Latin American gender role, in which females are nurturing, emotional, and sexually pure.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Sexual Minority individuals

A

Include lesbian, gay, bisexual, queer, and those questioning their sexual orientation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

coming out process

A

The process of recognizing oneself as a sexual minority and disclosing one’s sexual identity to others. Aspects of the coming out process include becoming aware of attraction to the same sex; being sexually involved; becoming familiar with the sexual minority community; self-identifying as gay, lesbian, bisexual, or transgender; and coming out to others.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

conversion therapy

A

Also known as reparative therapy, attempts to convert individuals of gay or lesbian sexual identities to a heterosexual identity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Gerontological counseling

A

A specialty area in counseling that is tailored for working with individuals 65 years of age and older

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

ageism

A

The stereotyping and discrimination against individuals or groups as a result of their age. Ageism is based on the false notion that chronological age determines an individual’s characteristics and value.

17
Q

culture shock

A

The experience of disorientation and psychological symptoms such as anxiety and depression that occurs when one adjusts to a new culture where rules, customs, and language are unknown.

18
Q

Feminist Theory

A

A psychological theory pioneered by Carol Gilligan (1982) that espouses equality for all individuals and is particularly dedicated to eliminating sexism. The theory aims to help clients become more aware of the effect of gender on their lives as well as to empower them to improve their lives and the lives of others.

19
Q

Social Identity Theory

A

Theory, rooted in social psychology, created to understand discrimination within groups. Posits that people sort themselves into groups according to similar characteristics, such as ethnicity or gender

20
Q

self-categorization

A

An important piece of social identity theory, in which the “self” is seen as an object to be classified into membership in a social group that gives worth to the person

21
Q

in-group

A

The group to which an individual feels similar.

22
Q

out-group

A

The group to which an individual feels least similar.

23
Q

Social Influence Model

A

Model formulated by Stanley Strong on the basis of social psychology in the 1960s; asserts that if counselors are viewed as having expertise and being attractive, they will have greater influence on the client

24
Q

Sociometry

A

Gauges the extent of relationship among people or groups, or how people relate to one another, via a sociogram, which is a scientific, visual way to analyze and display these relationships

25
Q

sociogram

A

A graphical representation of group member interaction patterns that are used to display member relationships and educate group members about the intricacies of group dynamics

26
Q

sociometric test

A

A study of actual behavior