Criminal: Topic Four

Question 1

What is topic four?

Answer 1

Psychology and the courtroom

Question 2

What is the key research for this topic?

Answer 2

Dixon

Question 3

What did Dixon look into?

Answer 3

The role of accent and context in perceptions of guilt

Question 4

What research method did Dixon use?

Answer 4

Lab experiment

Question 5

What was Dixon’s aim?

Answer 5

To test the hypothesis that a Brummie accent suspect would receive a higher rating of guilt than a suspect with a standard accent and also whether race or type of crime would make a difference

Question 6

Describe the sample in Dixon’s study

Answer 6

119 white undergrad students who participated due to course requirements (University College Worcester)

Question 7

How long was the recorded conversation that the P’s had to listen to? (Dixon)

Answer 7

2 minutes

Question 8

What was the conversation based on? (Dixon)

Answer 8

A transcript of an interview in Birmingham Police Station

Question 9

Describe the suspect (Dixon)

Answer 9

A student in his 20s who spoke both accents

Question 10

What is the example used of a blue collar crime?

Answer 10

Armed robbery

Question 11

What is the example used of a white collar crime?

Answer 11

Cheque fraud

Question 12

What did P’s have to do after listening to the tape? (Dixon)

Answer 12

Complete a rating scale on a 7 point scale from innocent to guilty

Question 13

What significant effect was found? (Dixon)

Answer 13

The suspects accent to the attribution of guilt by the P’s

Question 14

Which accent was rated higher in guilt? (Dixon)

Answer 14

Brumie

Question 15

What 3 way interaction was found?

Answer 15

Accent, race and crime type

Question 16

Which combination of factors created the most guilty suspect?

Answer 16

Brummie, black and blue collar crime

Question 17

What did Penrod and Cutler look into?

Answer 17

Witness confidence

Question 18

What resource did P’s have to analyse? (P&C)

Answer 18

A videotaped mock trial

Question 19

What was the IV? (P&C)

Answer 19

Whether the key female witness stated that she was 80% or 100% confident with what she had seen

Question 20

When the witness was 100% confident, what percentage of the jury found D guilty? (P&C)

Answer 20

67%

Question 21

When the witness was 80% confident, what percentage of the jury found D guilty? (P&C)

Answer 21

60%

Question 22

What did Castellow look into?

Answer 22

Attractiveness

Question 23

What were mock jurors asked to read? (Castellow)

Answer 23

A trial summary

Question 24

Describe the trial summary given to P’s (Castellow)

Answer 24

A 23 year old secretary was accusing her male employer of sexual harrassment

Question 25

What were the mock jurors shown to help them to decide whether D was guilty? (Castellow)

Answer 25

Photos of the claimant and the defendant

Question 26

What did Castellow find?

Answer 26

That when D was less attractive than V then he would more likely be found guilty than an attractive D

Question 27

What did Pennington and Hastie look into?

Answer 27

Story order

Question 28

What hypothesis were P and H testing?

Answer 28

That jurors are more easily persuaded by ‘story order’ than ‘witness order’

Question 29

What is story order? (P and H)

Answer 29

Presenting evidence in the sequence that events occurred

Question 30

What is witness order? (P and H)

Answer 30

Presenting witnesses in the order most likely to persuade a jury

Question 31

What did P and H find?

Answer 31

That story order was shown to be more persuasive than witness in prosecuting defendants

Question 32

What did Broeder look into?

Answer 32

Inadmissible evidence

Question 33

What was Broeder’s aim?

Answer 33

To examine the effect of information being ruled inadmissible by a judge

Question 34

What was Broeder’s main question?

Answer 34

Is it possible that for at least some jury members, being told to disregard info makes it even more important?

Question 35

What was the scenario given to people at the university of Chicago? (Broeder)

Answer 35

The case of a woman who was injured by a careless male driver

Question 36

What were the results from Broeder?

Answer 36

Insurance - $37,000
No Insurance - $33,000
Disregard no insurance - $46,000