Criminal Inv-Chapter 11, Arson,Bombings and Hate Crimes Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Criminal Inv-Chapter 11, Arson,Bombings and Hate Crimes Deck (33)
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1
Q

fires set by arsonists and explosives placed to damage property and ill or inflict injury on people are

A

crimes against both person and property

2
Q

who defined arson as the malicious and willful burning of the house or outhouse of another man

A

18 century British jurist Sir William Blackstone, in his Commentaries on the Laws of England

3
Q

corpus delicti in arson case requires

A

burning be the result of a criminal agency

that there be actual burning, a consuming type fire

4
Q

Facts that must be proved in any prosecution for arson are

A
  1. Fire occured- a burning, a charring
  2. burning was not accidental; result of criminal agency
  3. person who appears as a defendant in court in an arson case is identified as the person who set the fire or caused it
5
Q

aggravated arson

A

explosives are used

people are present at the site or are placed in danger

6
Q

FBI uniform crime report on arson in 2008

A

62,807 arson cases in US
43.4 % Involving structures
28.9% mobile property
27.7% other types property; crops,timber,fences
average dollar loss $16,000
24.1 per every one hundred thousand inhibitants

7
Q

suspicious fire concept

A
  1. seek evidence to prove the fire was natural or accidental
  2. seek evidence to eliminate all possible caused except incendiarism. (evaluate possibilites ofperson smoking in bed, spontaneous compbustions, electrical storms, space heater
  3. seek evidence that prove fire was incendiary origin
8
Q

rational motivation fire

A

based on hate, profit, desire to conceal a crime

9
Q

irrationally motivated fires

A

are pathological fire setters

10
Q

hate fires

A

are set because of some dispute.
They have emotional problems.
Religious, racial and political disputes may be involved. The identity of the arsonists or incendiary is not as apparent in these disputes, suspects may be identified in the opposition group involved in the dispute.

11
Q

these fire setters are not difficult to expose once hate as been eliminated as motivation.

A

for -profit fire setters- inquiry about company insuring building and contents, insurance and record of policyholder.

12
Q

pyromania

A

obsessional impulse to set fires or a preference for arson as an instrument of damage

13
Q

pyromaniacs

A

“firebugs”, who terrorize entire neighborhoods by setting fires.

14
Q

pathological fire setter

A

does not have any relationship with victim or place of burning.

15
Q

a “pyro” fore is similiar to a “psycho” murder case in this respect

A

empty

16
Q

in terms of ignitablility, rate of heat release

A

combustibility

17
Q

rapid development of the fire that occurs when volume of active fire becomes a significant portion of room volume.

A

flashover- uninvolved combustibles in a a room suddenly ignite.

18
Q

factors that influence fire patterns in outdoor fires are

A

wind and terrain

19
Q

major difference between an accidential fire and an incendiary fire is

A

accidental fires frequently burn themselves out becuase of lack of proper ventilation or combustible material

20
Q

fire-boosting material

A

or called the plant

21
Q

where a fire was ignited is classified as the

A

place of origin

22
Q

often used to spead fires from point of ignition

A

trailers- can be considered a secondary incendiary device. carrying fire from original place of ignition to other parts of room or building

23
Q

an examination and search by firefighters for hidden flames

A

overhauling

24
Q

passive headspace concentration method

A

popular method for seperating flammable and combustible liquid residues from fire debris

25
Q

tagging

A

addition of coded microparticles or taggants to explosives during their manufacture. taggants survive detonation, can be recovered and decoded`

26
Q

when arson cases are prosecuted, these factors are important

A

motive and opportunity factors

27
Q

Best-case scenario in arson investigation is when the investigator arrives at fire scene while ________

A

fire is still in progress. Investigator can interview on-scene witnesses and observe fire.

28
Q

natural materials such as wood and grass typically produce what color? and petroleum-based products have ___?

A

white smoke and petroleum is black smoke

29
Q

Reconstruction of a fire scene requires the investigator to secure data on, three things?

A

how fire started
how it burned
whether it was accelerated

30
Q

Primary concern with the pattern of a fire:

A

how it was ignited
point of origin
source and direction of its burning

31
Q

detectors of flammable vapors, “sniffers”. operates on the _____ ____ principle

A

catalytic combustion

32
Q

_________ _______ support the work of fire scene searches by recovering flammable fluids from fire rubble, (wood, cloth and paper)

A

solvent-extraction devices

33
Q

In photographs of fire scene, what is particular important in revealing any ignition device and use of a fire set with trailers and accelerants

A

close up photography