Cranial Nerves

Question 0

What are the afferent cranial nerve nuclei?

Answer 0

Trigeminal sensory nucleus- fibres carry general sensory info (pain, touch, pressure, temperature) and terminate at this nucleus
Vestibular and cochlear nucleus- fibres carrying special senses of hearing and positional sense run in the vestibulocochlear nerve to these nuclei
Nucleus solitarius - visceral afferents terminate at this nucleus of the medulla

Question 1

What is the order of the cranial nerves ?

Answer 1

1-olfactory
2-optic
3-oculomotor
4-trochlear
5-trigeminal 
6-abducens
7-facial
8-vestibulocochlear
9-glossopharyngeal
10-vagus
11-accessory
12-hypoglossal

Question 2

What are the efferent cranial nerve nuclei?

Answer 2

Edinger-westphal nucleus
Oculomotor nucleus
Trochlear nucleus
Trigeminal motor nucleus 
Abducens nucleus 
Facial motor nucleus 
Salivatory nuclei 
Nucleus ambiguus
Dorsal motor nucleus of vagus 
Hypoglossal nucleus

Question 3

Which nuclei share the embryo logical origin -nuclei of the somatic efferent cell column ?

Answer 3

Oculomotor nucleus
Trochlear nucleus
Abducens nucleus
Hypoglossal nucleus

Question 4

Which nuclei share the embryo logical origin- nuclei of the branchiomotor cell column?

Answer 4

Trigeminal motor nucleus
Facial motor nucleus
Nucleus ambiguus

Question 5

Which nuclei share the embryo logical origin- nuclei of the parasympathetic cell column ?

Answer 5

Edinger-Westphal nucleus
Superior and inferior salivatory nucleus
Dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus

Question 6

Which cranial nerves are sensory ?

Answer 6

Olfactory
Optic
Vestibulocochlear

Question 7

Which cranial nerves are motor?

Answer 7

Oculomotor
Trochlear 
Abducens
Accessory
Hypoglossal

Question 8

Which of the cranial nerves have both sensory and motor control ?

Answer 8

Trigeminal
Facial
Glossopharyngeal
Vagus

Question 9

What is the function of cranial nerve 1?

Answer 9

The olfactory nerve is a sensory fibre for the nose

Question 10

What is the function of the olfactory nerve ?

Answer 10

It’s component fibres are sensory and it’s involved in olfaction
It innervates olfactory epithelium via the olfactory bulb

Question 11

What is the function of the optic nerve ?

Answer 11

It’s component fibres are sensory and they are involved in vision
It innervate retina

Question 12

What are the functions of the oculomotor nerve ?

Answer 12

Its component motor fibres are involved in the movement of the eye by innervating the superior, inferior and medial rectus, inferior oblique ( it’s able to elevate, depress and addict the eye) and levator palebrae muscles
- motor neurons going to these extra ocular muscles have their cell bodies in the oculomotor nucleus

Its component parasympathetic fibres are involved in pupil construction and accommodation by innervating pupillary constrictor and ciliary muscles of the eye via ciliary ganglion
-these preganglionic fibres arise from the Edinburgh-Westphal nucleus

Question 13

What are the functions of the trochlear nerve ?

Answer 13

It’s component motor fibres are involved in the movement if the eye by innervating the superior oblique muscle (moves eye downwards and medially)
- the motor neurons arise from the trochlear nucleus
IT IS THE ONLY CRANIAL NERVE THAT EMERGES FROM THE DORSAL ASPECT OF THE BRAINSTEM.

Question 14

What are the functions of the trigeminal nerve ?

Answer 14

It’s component sensory fibres are involved in general sensations by innervating the face, scalp, cornea, nasal and oral cavities and cranial dura mater

It’s component motor fibres are involved in opening and closing of the mouth by innervating the muscles of mastication and they are also involved in tension on tympanic membrane by innervating tensor tympani muscles

Question 15

What are the functions of the abducens nerve ?

Answer 15

It’s component motor fibres are involved in the movement of the eye by innervating the lateral rectus muscles

Question 16

What are the functions of the facial nerve ?

Answer 16

It’s component sensory fibres are involved in taste by innervating the anterior 2/3 of the tongue

It’s component motor fibres are involved in facial movements by innervating the muscles of facial expression

It’s component parasympathetic fibres are involved in salivation and lacrimination by innervating the salivary and lacrimal glands via submandibular and pyerygopalatine ganglia

Question 17

What are the functions of the vestibulocochlear nerve ?

Answer 17

It’s component sensory fibres are involved in position and movement of the head by innervating vestibular apparatus

It’s other component sensory fibres are involved in hearing by innervating cochlea I

Question 18

What are the functions if the glossopharyngeal nerve ?

Answer 18

It’s component sensory fibres are involved in general sensation and taste by innervating the pharynx and posterior 1/3 of the tongue

Other component sensory fibres are involved in general sensation by innervating the Eustachian tube and middle ear

Other component sensory fibres are involved in chemo and Baro-reception by innervating the carotid body and carotid sinus

Its component motor fibres are involved in swallowing by innervating the stylopharyngeus muscles

It’s component parasympathetic fibres are involved in salivation by innervating parotid salivary gland via otic ganglion

Question 19

What are the functions of the vagus nerve ?

Answer 19

It’s component sensory fibres are involved in general sensation by innervating the pharynx, larynx, oesophagus and external ear

Other sensory fibres are involved in chemo and bro reception by innervating thee aortic bodies and aortic arch

Other sensory fibres are involved in visual sensation by innervating the thoracic and abdminal viscera

It’s component motor fibres are involved in speech and swallowing by innervating the soft palate, pharynx, larynx, upper oesophagus

It’s parasympathetic fibres are involved in control of cardiovascular system, respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts by innervating the thoracic and abdominal viscera

Question 20

What are the functions of the accessory nerve ?

Answer 20

Its component motor fibres are involved in the movement of the head and shoulder by innervating the sternomastoid and trapezius muscles

Question 21

What are the functions of the hypoglossal nerve ?

Answer 21

It’s component motor fibres are involved in the movement of the tongue by innervating the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue