Cram 4

Question 1

Epitheliochorial placentation and gestation

Answer 1

Sheep/goat 150
Swine (diffuse) 114-115, estrus 21d

Prosimians

Question 2

Hemochorial placenta (except NHPs) and gestation

Answer 2

Mouse 18-22
Rat 21-23
Hamster
Syrian 15-18, European 15-17
Armenian 18-19
Chinese 20.5
Djunjarian 18 *36d* Repro cycle

Gerbil 24-26 (27 if lactating)
G.P. 59-72
Chinchilla 111
Rabbit 30-33

Question 3

NHPs type of placentation including prosimians and Tarsidae

Answer 3

Hemochorial bidiscoid for platyrrhines and catarrhines except baboons are monodiscoidal

Prosimians are epitheliochorial
Tarsidae are hemochorial

Question 4

Gestation 
Marmoset 
Cotton Top
Squirrel
Owl
Rhesus
Baboon
Human

Answer 4

Marmoset 150
Cotton Top 183
Squirrel 150
Owl 133
Rhesus 164
Baboon 180
Human 280

Question 5

Only NHP WITHOUT lactational anovulation

Answer 5

Marmoset

Question 6

2 cervices

Answer 6

CHORR W

Chinchilla 
Hamster
Opossum
Rabbit
Rat
Woodchuck 

Not mouse

Question 7

Precocious young

Answer 7

G.P.
Chinchilla

Egyptian spiny mouse
Cotton rat

Drug
Agouti?

Question 8

Males care for young

Answer 8

Owls and titis carry the load

Marmosets share

Question 9

Monogamous

Answer 9

All copulate in private

Aotus
callicebus (titi monkeys)
Indriidae, lemur, strepsirrhine, Madagascar
Pithecia, sakis monkeys

All are NWM except lemur

Question 10

Recombinant inbred

Answer 10

C X B

Cross two inbred strains then sibling

Question 11

Recombinant congenic

Answer 11

C c B

Like recomb inbred but backcross to one of the parental strains first

Question 12

Congenic

Answer 12

Recipient.Donor-gene

Recipient.Cg-gene (unknown donor?)

Question 13

Coisogenic

Answer 13

Strain-gene

Question 14

Segregating inbred

Answer 14

Strain - +/gene

Question 15

Outbred

Answer 15

Labcode:

Question 16

Advanced intercross

Answer 16

Labcode: strain, strain - G#

Question 17

Mixed inbred

Answer 17

;

Stock

Question 18

Endotheliochorial placentation and gestation

Answer 18

Dog 63
Cat 66
Ferret 42

Question 19

GEMs nomclature

Answer 19

C57BL/6-TgN(CD8Ge)23Jwg

TgX(YYY)###Zzz
X= mode of insertion
Y= gene/sequence insertions
#= lab assigned #
Z= lab code

Question 20

As prev of dz increases, the sample size ______

As size of colony decreases, the sample size ______ to achieve x amount of confidence

Answer 20

Decreases

Increases

Question 21

What happens to PPV and NPV as prev increases and decreases?

Answer 21

Increase prev, increase PPV, decrease NPV

Decrease prev, decrease PPV, increase NPV

Question 22

Type 1 error

Type 2 error

Answer 22

Alpha, false pos = 1-specificity

Beta, false neg = 1-sensitivity

Question 23

Sample size calculation requires

Answer 23

Prevalence
SD
p value
Effect size

Power???

For example, if you hope to detect an effect of size r = .40 using a two-tailed test, you can look up a table to learn that you will need a sample size of at least N = 46 given conventional alpha and power levels.

Question 24

Power =

Answer 24

1-beta
= sample size?

How is this different than type II error?

In plain English, statistical power is the likelihood that a study will detect an effect when there is an effect there to be detected.

If statistical power is high, the probability of making a Type II error, or concluding there is no effect when, in fact, there is one, goes down.

The power of any test of statistical significance is defined as the probability that it will reject a false null hypothesis. Statistical power is inversely related to beta or the probability of making a Type II error. In short, power = 1 – β.

Statistical power is affected chiefly by the size of the effect and the size of the sample used to detect it. Bigger effects are easier to detect than smaller effects, while large samples offer greater test sensitivity than small samples.

These are the 4 interrelated things:
the effect size
*the sample size (N)*
the alpha significance criterion (α)
statistical power, or the chosen or implied beta (β)