Control of Appetite Flashcards Preview

Metabolism, Endocrinology and Haematology > Control of Appetite > Flashcards

Flashcards in Control of Appetite Deck (8)
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1
Q

Where is the appetite centre located, what is it formed of and what does it sense

A

In the hypothalamus in the arcuate nucleus

Contains primary neurones responsible for sensing metabolite and hormone levels

2
Q

What are the types of neurones in the arcuate nucleus and what hormones do they produce

A

Excitatory - stimulate appetite via neuropeptide Y (NPY) and agouti-related peptide (AgRP)

Inhibitory - suppress appetite via pro-opiomelanocortin which is cleaved to form α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) which suppresses appetite

3
Q

What hormones are involved in the control of appetite

A

Ghrelin

PYY - peptide tyrosine tyrosine

Leptin

Insulin

Amylin

4
Q

Where and why is Ghrelin produced, and what does it do

A

Produced by walls of empty stomach, stimulate appetite by activating stimulatory neurones

Stretch of stomach wall inhibits release

Peptide hormone

5
Q

Where is PYY produced and what does it do

A

Released from wall of small intestine (ileum and colon)

Supresses appetite by inhibiting stimulatory neurones

Peptide hormone

6
Q

Where is leptin produced and what does it do

A

Produced by adipocytes in fat stores

Suppresses appetite by stimulating inhibitory and inhibiting stimulatory neurones

Indues uncoupling proteins in mitochondria leading to production of heat rather than ATP

Peptide hormone

7
Q

Where is insulin produced and what does it do

A

Produced by β cells in islets of langerhans

Suppresses appetite via same mechanism as leptin -

Suppresses appetite by stimulating inhibitory neurones

Indues uncoupling proteins in mitochondria leading to production of heat rather than ATP

8
Q

Where is amylin produced and what does it do

A

Produced by β-cells of islets of langerhans

Suppresses appetite, decreases glucagon secretion and slows gastric emptying

Peptide hormone