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2MB Musculoskeletal > Connective Tissue Disease > Flashcards

Connective Tissue Disease Flashcards

1
Q

Systemic lupus ertythematosus is a CTD. What is the general pathology behind connective tissue disease?

A

Autoimmunity; antibodies produced against cells of the body

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2
Q

SLE affects males more than females. True/False?

A

False

Females 9:1 males

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3
Q

Prevalence of SLE is higher in which ethnic groups?

A

Afro-Americans
Afro-Caribbeans
Asians

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4
Q

List general symptoms + signs of SLE

A

Fatigue
Skin changes
Malaise
Joint pain

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5
Q

List skin changes in SLE

A

Malar/butterfly/discoid rash
Photosensitivity
N.B. sparing of nasolabial fold

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6
Q

SLE can be a totally cutaenous disease. True/False?

A

True

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7
Q

List musculoskeletal changes in SLE

A

Joint pain
Non-deforming arthritis
Myopathy

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8
Q

What is the difference between mild, moderate and severe SLE?

A

Mild - ‘simple’ cutaneous changes
Mod - arthritis, effusions etc.
Sev - organ-threatening disease

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9
Q

What are the main screening tests for SLE?

A

FBC
Urinalysis
Renal function
Antibodies

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10
Q

What are the main antibodies that are raised in SLE?

A

ANA
Anti-ds-DNA
Anti-Sm
ENA

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11
Q

ANA is the most useful/diagnostic antibody in SLE. True/False?

A

False

Anti-double-stranded DNA antibody is most specific

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12
Q

List general treatment for SLE

A

NSAIDs, analgesia
Anti-malarial
Steroids
Immunosuppressants

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13
Q

What is the anti-malarial used for SLE?

A

Hydrochloroquine

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14
Q

Steroids can be used as monotherapy in SLE. True/False?

A

False

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15
Q

What is antiphospholipid syndrome?

A

Autoimmune disease where antibodies are produced against phospholipid, causing increased risk of blood clots

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16
Q

One lab and one clinical finding are required to diagnose antiphospholipid syndrome. List the potential lab findings

A

+ve antiphospholipid antibody
Lupus anticoagulation activity
anti-beta2-glycoprotein

17
Q

One lab and one clinical finding are required to diagnose antiphospholipid syndrome. List the potential clinical findings

A

Thrombosis

Pregnancy loss

18
Q

What is Sjogren’s syndrome?

A

Autoimmune destruction of exocrine glands

19
Q

What is systemic sclerosis?

A

Autoimmune inflammation and thickening of skin due to increased collagen deposition

20
Q

Raynaud’s phenomenon is usually present in systemic sclerosis - what happens?

A

Reduced blood flow/vasculopathy

21
Q

Limited systemic sclerosis was known as CREST - what does this stand for?

A 
Calconosis
Raynaud's
Esophageal dysmotility
Sclerodactyly
Telangectasia
22
Q

Which antibodies are associated with systemic sclerosis?

A

Anti-centromere (limited)

Anti-Scl-70 (diffuse)

23
Q

Which antibody is associated with Sjogren’s syndrome?

A

Anti-Ro

Anti-La

2MB Musculoskeletal (19 decks)

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