Component 3.5 - Components Of The Nervous System And Reflex Arc Flashcards

1
Q

What is a stimulus

A

A detectable change in the internal or external environment that produces a response in the organism

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2
Q

What makes up the human nervous system and what does it do?

A
  • The brain and the spinal cord
  • The CNS processes information provided by the stimulus
  • Peripheral nervous system - carries impulses from receptors to CNS
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3
Q

Name the 7 steps in a reflex arc

A

1) Stimulus
2) Receptor
3) Sensory neurones
4) Relay neurone in CNS
5) Motor neurone
6) Effector
7) Response

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4
Q

What are the pros of a reflex arc?

A
  • They do not involve the decision-making areas of the brain (involuntary)
  • Some reflex arcs do not involve a relay neurone (rapid)
  • Protective actions that can increase chance of survival (protective)
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5
Q

Describe the pupil reflex

A
  • Light (stimulus)
  • Photosensitive cells in retina (sensory receptor)
  • Optic nerve (sensory neurone)
  • Brain (CNS)
  • Carries impulse to muscle of iris (motor neurone)
  • Iris muscles relax or contract altering the diameter of the pupil (response)
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6
Q

What are the two ways information can be taken from a receptor to an effector?

A

Via the nervous system or as hormones in the blood

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