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Flashcards in Common Invasive Imaging Procedures Deck (29)
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1
Q

What are two examples of biopsies taken under radiological guidance?

A

Core biopsy

Fine needle aspiration (FNA)

2
Q

Describe how a core biopsy is taken and why

A

Using 14-18 g needle

For histopathology

3
Q

Describe how an FNA is taken and why

A

Using a 20-25 g needle
For cytopathology
Can also be sent for microbiology

4
Q

Why may aspirations be taken?

A

Suspected abscesses

Joint effusions

5
Q

What two imaging modalities are most imaging guided biopsies and aspirations performed using?

A

Ultrasound

CT

6
Q

Why is a hook-wire or carbon track injection done in the breast (using ultrasound)?

A

Aid surgical excision of impalpable lesions

7
Q

Define pleurocentesis

A

Aspiration of pleural effusion

8
Q

Define paracentesis

A

Aspiration of ascites

9
Q

What sort of imaging are pleurocentesis and paracentesis usually performed using?

A

Ultrasound

10
Q

What is an antegrade pyelogram?

A
Needle injection of contrast into pelvicalyceal system
Initial step for insertion of 
- Nephrostomy drainage catheter
- Ureteric stent
- Stone removal
11
Q

What is nephrostomy?

A

Drainage catheter inserted into pelvicalyceal system usually to relieve obstruction

12
Q

What is suprapubic catheter insertion?

A

Urinary bladder catheter inserted

Used where urethral catheter can’t be passed/not desirable

13
Q

What is percutaneous transhepatic cholangiogram (PTC)?

A

Used in initial part of

  • Transhepatic biliary drainage/stent insertion
  • Stricture dilatation/stone removal
14
Q

What are two examples of percutaneous oncology treatments?

A

Tumour ablation
- Radiofrequency ablation
- Microwave ablation
Transarterial chemoembolisation/irradiation
- Chemotherapeutic/radioactive agents selectively delivered to arteries supplying tumour

15
Q

What are the common indications for an angiograph of the aorta?

A

Aneurysms
Dissection
Stenosis

16
Q

What are the common indications for an angiograph of the cerebral vessels?

A

Berry aneurysms

Haemorrhage

17
Q

What are the common indications for an angiograph of the carotid arteries?

A

Stenosis

Occlusion

18
Q

What are the common indications for an angiograph of the renal vessels?

A

Stenosis

Haemorrhage

19
Q

What are the common indications for an angiograph of the mesenteric vessels?

A

Haemorrhage

20
Q

What are the common indications for an angiograph of the peripheral vessels?

A

Stenosis
Occlusion
Aneurysm

21
Q

What are the common indications for an angiograph of the coronary vessels?

A

Stenosis

Occlusionq

22
Q

What is percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA)?

A

Balloon dilatation of vascular stenosis

23
Q

What is a vascular stent?

A

Implanted metallic device for maintaining vascular lumen post angioplasty

24
Q

What is thrombolysis?

A

Dissolution of clot

25
Q

What is thrombectomy or embolectomy?

A

Removal of clot

26
Q

What is atherectomy?

A

Removal of atheroma

27
Q

What is embolisation?

A

Occlusion of vessels using particulate matter/fine coils; eg: to treat bleeding

28
Q

How does digital subtraction angiography (DSA) work?

A

1st exposure made just before contrast injected
Imaged subtracted from subsequent images
Only blood vessels with contrast shown
Create cleaner diagnostic image

29
Q

What is the check list for preparing for invasive radiological procedures?

A

Right procedure?
Right modality?
Bleeding risk issues
Explanantion and consent
Check renal function - if contrast needed
Check local policy on withholding metformin in diabetics
Fasting if sedation needed