Comm Test 3: Global Health Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Comm Test 3: Global Health Deck (45)
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1
Q

over a billion persons without health care in year 2000 more than that now, global statistic take 15 years to compline, 99% will be in resource poor nations

A

Characteristics of a global population:

2
Q
  • Density= polarization then rural or remote
  • Uneven distribution of population= density china
  • Aids ridden countries is 35-40 years in underdeveloped country
  • rich and poor are becoming polarized
  • global trend of urbanization: Urban sprawl=more suburbs going into farmland / close to a city far out enough to have space / density issue drive to nearest hospital
A

global health

3
Q

resurgence of things we thought was eradicated or new strains

A

-global disease and spread:

3
Q

Right to health
10 initiatives – right for equality, vast = quicker dev and slower dev 1. Economic and social dev, 2. right to participate in planning= with not to
3. Gov have responsibility to their people, not just politics
4. Primary Health care came up
5. Finally dev governmental strategies for global health= have to have a plan
6. cooperation between countries, not separate entities all together
-Designed to work with global agencies, HP 2020 (future)=should come out 12 years ahead of time, gold standard

A

Key components of Alma Ata (initiatives)

4
Q

stainable dev= look at quality of life for the future, Ex: new building at UINDY isn’t totally green, be eco friendly, will be able to sustain better
stressors Ex: lead poisoning, air pollution and effects, worry more about noise= closer together more there sprawl goes out affects ppl it didn’t before
Garbage problem globally
Global warming= polarized caps melt and water level will rise = change ecology of the planet
Natural disasters
Terrorism and war

A
  1. Environmental factors of a global population:
5
Q
  1. 57 million deaths from disease communicable 37 million are from non-communicable diseases
  2. Millions of deaths from violence and trauma injury is on the rise
  3. Epidemiologic transmission from country Ex: import something form Indonesia then they have bugs we don’t know what to do with then we have illness
  4. Dev countries are more focused n new disease
  5. Underdeveloped are focused on old = immunization huge focus
A
  1. Patterns of health and disease of a global population:
6
Q

-after initial conference these are the areas we want to focus
-U.S. only super power left, feed 75% of world
Eradicate extreme hunger and poverty.
Universal primary education.
Gender equality and empower women.
Reduce child mortality rate.
Improve maternal health.
Combat AIDS/HIV, TB, malaria……..=not US
Ensure environmental sustainability.
Global partnerships for development.

A

Millennium development goals

7
Q
  • formal mandate every human being has a right regardless of status country self, holist stats basis on which some of the initiatives occurred
A

right to health

8
Q
  1. Lack of political commitment to health care Ex: war torn/ women is the major benefactor neonatal care, women thought of alive to breed
  2. Lack of basic human rights Ex: like Burmese refuges
  3. Infrastructure= not there, not sufficient, not supported
  4. Greed and power Ex: Gov in power are in power for themselves and who can benefit me
  5. Lack of resources Ex: education=power, health care
  6. black market sales Ex: iffy countries gov that is semi-stable question if they will get to the right person , can be sold on market never got to where they were intended
  7. transportation- means of getting it there, means of protection, stable gov
    8 most don’t have medical schools, health edu
  8. technological things- are almost obsolete, older generations
    10 agriculture- some ability to feed itself
  9. what would you do to have a stable gov: be able to grow, medical school, participation with residents
A

Why is difficult to progress in slow growth countries?

10
Q
  • things don’t get where things should go,resource allocation clusters around curative services at great cost, neglect of potential primary prevention and health promotion
A

Shortcomings of global health care delivery

misdirected care

11
Q
  • way too much in areas that don’t need it

Public spending on health services most often benefit the rich not the poor

A

Shortcomings of global health care delivery

Inverse care

12
Q
  • lots of specialties, not seen by same doc twice in ER/ one physician for each problem contraindication for meds Ex: Tb lady with lap top tried to end
  • excessive specialization of health care provides and narrows the focus on many disease control programs, discourages a holistic approach, do not appreciate the need for continuity of care
A

Fragmented and fragmenting care

shortcoming of global heath care delivery

13
Q
  • poor system design that is unable to ensure safety and hygiene standards lead to high rates of HAI, medication errors in dev countries, poor equipment, not enough supplies, unclean environment
A

Unsafe care

shortcoming of global health care delivery

14
Q
  • lack of emphasis or protection by the gov, doesn’t protect marginal pop they are keeping them in same socioeconomic status and health status/ out of pocket expenses aren’t able to pay because it is more expensive, lack of reimbursement
A

Impoverishing care

shortcomings of global health care delivery

15
Q
  • one side, many entities involved, organizations that cross geo-political barriers, UNICEF working with WHO
A

Multilateral

health organization

16
Q
  • two sides, parties share a common problem/ Indonesia sending fruit with bugs to a developed country (japan), countries have to work together to fix the problem= Indonesia inspects it and Japan does too
A

Bilateral

health organization

17
Q
  • funding from private groups like faith groups or philanthropic groups, International Red Cross= very well organized does get some money from government, Bill Gates Foundation , Johnson & Johnson
A
Nongovernmental Organizations (NGO)
health organization
18
Q

: where you provide services and supplies to needy countries while trying to sell your own products
Realized giving different kinds of products might not be culturally or ethnically sensitive = on what products should be supplied Ex: birth control to Africa that is a big no no
May upset economy with outside goods= sensitive to what is in place

A

*Commodification

NGO health organization

19
Q
  • not a global health organization, hallmark of global health, US statistic goal and objectives, model used for other countries
A

Healthy People 2020

20
Q
  • used by other countries, not an organization but an example used by other countries to see how other countries can work together, removed barriers of trade to provide more services to each country (meds, jobs, food, banking industry improved)
A

North American Free Trade Agreement

21
Q
  • umbrella which everything falls, worldwide network, strictly for world’s health problems, holistic (education), universal voice for global health, may look at problems that come from politics, will work with the UN- budgeting, program planning, and providing assistance, poor nation of international health services
A

World Health Organization (WHO)

22
Q

-multilateral, international children’s fund, developed after WW2, works with WHO, needs are huge, children under 5 and their mothers, primarily on needs of children work with families focusing on the families, better life for children across the globe

A

UNICEF

23
Q
  • Multilateral, Part of the United systems , American Public Health Organization, regional arm of WHO, improves living standards in Latin/South American Countries, if Brazil can help us with something, current focus right now it is looking at infrastructure dev in remote areas and AIDS
A

PAHO Pan American Health Organization

24
Q
  • NGO, significant health problem- who you call and who will arrive first, vast majority are volunteers, some paid administration, provide relief to victims- war, natural disasters/ impartial and neutral
A

. International Red Cross

25
Q
  • lend money to lesser developed countries to directly or indirectly (infrastructure, education) improve health, low interest free loans, grants for education , communication and infrastructure
A

World Bank

26
Q
  • all functions but focuses on credit worthy poor countries, may get paid back sometime in the future like Indonesia- have things that can develop but need more help
A

. International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IRBD)
world bank

27
Q
  • all functions but for poorest countries, not a lot of help of getting paid back, philanthropic
A

International Development Association (IDA)

world bank

28
Q
  • largest council of nurses and the first, focuses on to providing world with competent nurse force, taking some of the providers for education, works with WHO, unite nurses, advance the profession, influence world health policy
A

. International Council of Nurses

29
Q
  • NGO/PVO, food for those affected by war or natural disaster, don’t have to be catholic, needs of population, 94% is utilized outside of US
A

Catholic Relief Services

30
Q
  • NGO, Drs. Without Borders, controversial, considered neutral and can go into controversial countries ,human rights advocate, provide services with or without permission
A
  1. Medecins Sans Frontieres
31
Q

-may choose provider, regional care

A

Sweden health care system

32
Q

antiquated system, gap in economic classes

A

• China-

health care system

33
Q
  • lack of adequate services in rural areas, half of all citizens have no health care at all
A

Mexico

health care system

34
Q

National Health Service, Primary Care Trusts, severe nursing shortage, long wait lists for specialists and surgery

A

United Kingdom- Health care system

35
Q
  • the provinces are the key providers, rationing of services
A

Canada health care system

36
Q
  • world wide communicable disease, largest cause of death from a single infectious agent, 1/3 of the world population host(carry. HIV is associated with because it is opportunistic
A

Global diseases tb

37
Q
  • 2/3 are in Africa, black market issues, pharmaceutical willing to provide medication and education to these countries, problem is timed schedule for it, who is going to know time to watch
A

Global disease . AIDS/HIV

38
Q

developmental issues, More prevalent in Africa has to do with more underdeveloped countries

A

Global Disease Malnutrition:

39
Q
  • huge problem and very preventable, biggest prevention is the mosquito nets
  • we need to have nets and medication are treatment: prevention
A

Global Disease Malaria

40
Q

1/3 of global health money- ages 15-44, goes because underdeveloped countries where women are not the priority, violence against women

A

Maternal & women’s health

Global Health Concerns

41
Q

Leading cause of death of children under 5 worldwide bc poor hygiene, unsafe water, dehydration, parasites
- countries define it different so hard to treat Global health organizations and types

A

. Diarrheal disease-

Global disease

42
Q

WHOs statement of beliefs, goals, and objectives

A

Alma Ata (initiatives)

42
Q

Environmentalist factors of global population

A
Stainable dev
Stressors
Garbage
Global warming
National disasters 
Terrorism and war
43
Q

Pattern of health and disease of global population

A
More communicable disease
Violence and trauma deaths
Epidemiologic transmission
Dev focus on new disease
Underdeveloped focus on old disease
44
Q

critical factors affecting global public health=

A

density, resources, and number of people