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Flashcards in Cognitive Interview Deck (17)
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1
Q

Who created the cognitive interview?

A

Geiselman et al

2
Q

Why did he create the cognitive interview?

A

To enchanted accuracy of recall

3
Q

What are the four main principles that can enhance recall?

A

Mental reinstatement of context, report everything, change of perspective and chance of narrative order

4
Q

What is mental reinstatement of context?

A

Mentally recreate both the environmental context (place, weather) and emotional context (feelings) of the crime scene

5
Q

What is report everything?

A

Report every detail that can be recalled, even those which may seem trivial or irrelevant

6
Q

What is change of perspective?

A

Try to describe the incident as it would have been seen from different viewpoints, not just your own viewpoint

7
Q

What is change of narrative order?

A

Recall the episode in different orders e.g. from end to beginning

8
Q

Who created the first set of research onto the effectiveness of the cognitive interview?

A

Stein and Memon

9
Q

What did Stein and Memon do and find?

A

They used a lab experiment in Brazil. Women cleaners who worked in a university were asked to watch a video of an abduction and compared to a standard police interviewing method, the cognitive interview increased the amount of correct information obtained from witnesses demonstrating its effectiveness

10
Q

Who created the second piece of research that supports the effectiveness of the cognitive interview?

A

Fisher et al

11
Q

What did Fisher et al do and find?

A

They used a real police setting in Miami. They trained detectives to use the enhanced cognitive interview techniques with genuine crime witnesses and found that its use significantly increased the amount of information recalled. Therefore the findings are consistent

12
Q

What are three limitations of the cognitive interview?

A

It requires more time than available and so police prefer to use the standard interview. Experienced detectives only had a 4 hour training session which did not produce any significant increases in the amount of information from a witness. Research suggests that it should only be used with children aged 8 and upwards as younger children may be confused by some of the methods

13
Q

Who created the enhance cognitive interview?

A

Fisher and Geiselman

14
Q

What is the enhanced cognitive interview?

A

An amended version of the cognitive interview that seeks to build a trusting relationship between interviewer and witness and improve the quality of communication between the two

15
Q

What are the four extra important features of the enhanced cognitive interview?

A

The witness controlling the flow of information, asking open ended questions, getting the witness to speak slowly and participants being reminded not to guess and to use they don’t know option when necessary in order to reduce false memories

16
Q

What created the research evidence to show the effectiveness of the enhanced cognitive interview?

A

Kohnken et al

17
Q

What did Kohnken et al do and find about the effectiveness of the enhanced cognitive interview?

A

He created a meta analysis that combine Ned data from 50 studies. The enhanced cognitive interview provided more correct information than the standard interview b police. This is a strength because studies such as this one indicates that there are real practical benefits of using the enchanted cognitive interview because it gives the police a greater chance of catching and charging criminals which is beneficial to society