COASTS

Question 1

Describe the three main features of constructive wave.

Answer 1

Constructive waves have a stronger swash than backwash, the time between each wave is low and their vertical height is low.

Question 2

Describe the three main features of destructive wave.

Answer 2

Destructive waves have a stronger backwash than swash, the time between waves is high and their vertical height is high.

Question 3

What is meant by the term attrition?

Answer 3

It is when particles carried by the waves crash against each other and are broken up into smaller particles.

Question 4

What is meant by the term corrosion (abrasion)?

Answer 4

It is when particles carried by the waves crash against the cliffs, eroding the cliffs.

Question 5

What is meant by the term corrasion (solution)?

Answer 5

This is when seawater slowly dissolves the cliffs. The material produced is carried away by the process of solution.

Question 6

What is meant by the term hydraulic action?

Answer 6

This occurs when waves ave great energy which is released as they break against the cliffs. Waves trap air in the cracks in the rocks. This air is compressed by the waves, eventually causing them to crack.

Question 7

Describe the slope and width of beaches formed by constructive waves.

Answer 7

The beaches are wide and have a gentle slope.

Question 8

Suggest reasons for the development of wide gently sloping beaches.

Answer 8

Constructive waves start to deposit pebbles on the beach because they have a stronger swash than backwash and they roll instead of crashing onto beach.

Question 9

What is meant by the term swash?

Answer 9

It is the movement of a wave up the beach.

Question 10

What is meant by the term backwash?

Answer 10

It is the movement of a wave down the beach back to the sea.

Question 11

What is meant by the term erosion?

Answer 11

It is when the sea wears away the land.

Question 12

What is meant by the term deposition?

Answer 12

It is when the waves drop their load.

Question 13

What is meant by the term load?

Answer 13

It is the material carried by a wave, such as sand and pebbles.

Question 14

List four features of a headland.

Answer 14

The features are cave, arch, stack, stump and wave cut platform.

Question 15

Name the case study you would use when been asked to describe and explain the formation of a spit.

Answer 15

The case study is Hurst Castle spit.

Question 16

Name the case study you would use when been asked to describe and explain the formation of a bar.

Answer 16

The case study id Slapton sands

Question 17

Name the case study you would use when been asked to describe and explain the formation of a headland.

Answer 17

The case study is Old Harry.

Question 18

Name the case study you would use when been asked to describe and explain the formation of a salt marsh.

Answer 18

The case study is Newhaven

Question 19

Name the case study you would use when been asked to describe and explain the formation of a sand dune.

Answer 19

The case study is Sefton Sands.

Question 20

Describe the geological conditions needed to form a bay.

Answer 20

The conditions needed is a band of less resistant rock flanked on either side by bands of resistant rock.