Clinical Application

Question 1

to raise pitch you must..

Answer 1

tighten VFs

Question 2

to create a louder wave you must..

Answer 2

open VFs with more amplitude

Question 3

How can Fo and intensity be measured instrumentally?

Answer 3

CSL or VisiPitch

Question 4

how do you find Average Fo

Answer 4

Fo is measured during tasks and averaged over speaking time

isolated vowels and connected speech

Question 5

in connected speech the average Fo is called..

Answer 5

speaking fundamental frequency (SFF)

Question 6

AVG Fo is highest (350-500 Hz) in _______ and why?

Answer 6

infants, because they have the shortest VFS (about 4mm)

Question 7

what happens during/after puberty in boys and girls?

Answer 7

Fo drops and octave (8 tones) in males (100-120) and by 2-3 semitones in females (200-220 Hz)

Question 8

AVG Fo stays stable till…

Answer 8

60-70

Question 9

As males age..

Answer 9

Fo increases due to thinning of the VFs, less mass

Question 10

as females age..

Answer 10

Fo tends to decrease due to hormonal changes, gain mass

Question 11

frequency variability reflects

Answer 11

emotion, accenting, syllable stress, grammar

Question 12

frequency variability standard deviation for normal conversational speech is around…

Answer 12

20-35 Hz (women higher than men)

Question 13

frequency variability standard deviation for an isolated vowel should be

Answer 13

less than 10 Hz (only in clinical situations)

if not steady, something is wrong

Question 14

what is the maximum phonational frequency range (MPFR)?

Answer 14

the complete range of frequencies an individual can generate, including falsetto

LOWEST to HIGHEST FREQ

Question 15

how is the MPFR measure?

Answer 15

in semitones or octaves

Question 16

how many octaves is normal for young adults?

Answer 16

3

Question 17

what happens to the MPFR in older adults?

Answer 17

it decreases because the VFs become less flexible

Question 18

MPFR is also reduced in individuals who are…

Answer 18

unhealthy!

Question 19

MPFR is useful in reflecting

Answer 19

physiological limits of voice, physical condition of vocal mechanism, and basic vocal ability

Question 20

what is the amplitude variable that response to MPFR?

Answer 20

dynamic range

Question 21

what is the dynamic range?

Answer 21

the range of the softest to loudest sound one can produce

Question 22

what is the avg amplitude of normal conversational speech?

Answer 22

55-75 dB

Question 23

does dynamic range include whispers?

Answer 23

NOOOOO!!!! VFs much be vibrating